Access Differentials in Primary Healthcare among Vulnerable Populations in a Health Insurance Setting in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study
Table 4
Acceptability of health services under the NHIS.
Variables
Total sample (%)
Vulnerable groups
value
Elderly (%)
Pregnant women (%)
Female porters (%)
Sex workers (%)
Others (%)
NHIS status
Insured
97.7
99.2
96.3
94.2
95.9
100.0
0.021
Uninsured
2.3
0.8
3.7
5.8
4.1
0.0
Current active membership status
87.5
85.3
88.5
93.9
80.3
100.0
0.003
If status is active, do you always use it?
Yes
95.7
96.0
89.5
93.6
87.1
94.0
0.035
No
4.3
4.0
10.5
6.4
12.9
dd6.0
Ever been exempted from paying the NHIS premium
44.0
34.9
59.8
61.0
26.0
64.0
<0.001
Source of payment for your NHIS
Self-payment
59.1
71.8
37.8
34.2
77.3
28.2
<0.001
Dependent
1.7
1.7
2.5
1.4
1.5
0.0
Deduction from salary
0.6
0.0
0.0
4.1
0.0
2.6
Exemption benefit to payment
38.5
26.5
59.7
60.3
21.2
69.2
Pay money for services even with your NHIS card
Yes
25.1
23.9
19.0
27.2
28.6
40.0
<0.001
No
27.2
27.7
32.5
33.3
2.9
34.0
Sometimes
47.7
48.5
48.4
39.5
68.6
26.0
Encountered any problem since you started using NHIS
Yes
11.8
6.6
12.4
14.3
17.1
30.6
<0.001
No
88.2
93.4
87.6
85.7
82.9
69.4
Source of care accessed with your NHIS
Public
92.9
98.5
92.0
86.4
76.1
91.5
<0.001
Private
7.1
1.5
8.0
13.6
23.9
8.5
People with disabilities, drug users, prisoners, and orphans; NHIS = National Health Insurance Scheme.
