Antibacterial Activities of Calpurnia aurea against Selected Animal Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
Table 4
Antibacterial activity of crude extracts of the stem and antibiotics against the test pathogens (mean ± SD, n = 3).
Tested pathogens
Zone of inhibition
Crude extract solvents from the stem
Antibiotics
Conc. Ml (mg)
Water (mean ± SD) (mm)
Ethanol (mean ± SD) (mm)
Conc. Ml/Mg
Ciprofloxacin (mean ± SD) (mm)
Amoxicillin (mean ± SD) (mm)
Penicillin (mean ± SD) (mm)
Tetracycline (mean ± SD) (mm)
S. aureus
25
1.67 ± 0.50Aa
6.33 ± 0.76Ab
0.1
11.83 ± 0.40Ac
13.37 ± 0.31Ad
—
21.13 ± 1.07Cf
50
1.13 ± 0.82Aa
7.8 ± 1.38Bb
0.2
11.93 ± 1.03Ac
20.1 ± 1.59Cd
—
28.63 ± 3.06Ef
S. pyogenes
25
2.1 ± 1.16Ba
10.17 ± 2.44Cb
0.1
29.13 ± 1.97Ec
15.7 ± 0.76Bd
12.6 ± 0.58Ae
11.47 ± 0.66Aa
50
5.8 ± 0.41Fa
15.87 ± 1.88Db
0.2
30.47 ± 0.88Fc
29.97 ± 1.71Fd
30.13 ± 0.83Fe
25.47 ± 4.35Df
L. monocytogenes
25
1.63 ± 0.58Aa
6.4 ± 0.97Ab
0.1
19.6 ± 0.56Cc
17.83 ± 0.87Cd
16.7 ± 0.80Be
31.33 ± 1.61Ff
50
7.3 ± 0.39Fa
14.67 ± 0.68Db
0.2
25.8 ± 1.44Dc
23.23 ± 4.33Dd
28.2 ± 2.08Ee
31.63 ± 0.66Ff
E. coli O157 H:7
25
3.47 ± 0.76Ca
12.03 ± 1.97Cb
0.1
17.3 ± 3.62Bc
13.03 ± 2.61Ad
—
25.53 ± 3.16Df
50
7.8 ± 1.55Fa
12.47 ± 0.75Cb
0.2
19.73 ± 0.94Cc
16.8 ± 0.78Bd
—
27.87 ± 0.53Ef
S. typhi
25
3.87 ± 1.42Ea
12.13 ± 0.69Cb
0.1
16.27 ± 1.19Bc
26.57 ± 2.36Ed
15.2 ± 0.70Be
23.77 ± 1.35Cf
50
3.7 ± 0.76Ea
16.77 ± 1.27Eb
0.2
22.27 ± 1.14Dc
26.87 ± 1.62Ed
23.87 ± 3.72Ce
28.13 ± 3.62Ef
C. jejuni
25
1.47 ± 0.68Aa
11.5 ± 1.05Cb
0.1
29.03 ± 1.26Ec
19.97 ± 0.77Cd
23.1 ± 2.0Ce
15.67 ± 0.90Ba
50
2.43 ± 0.75Ba
12.2 ± 2.19Cb
0.2
31.37 ± 0.86Fc
23.6 ± 3.49Dd
25.6 ± 2.25De
18.2 ± 1.49Bf
n = number of experimental replicates; SD = standard deviation; means with the same letter (lower case) in the same row are not significantly different; means with the same letter (upper case) in the same column are not significantly different.