Current Status of Alginate in Drug Delivery

Table 1

Drugs or substances encapsulating in alginate nanoparticles/microparticles.

Drug/protein/substances	Polymer	Aims of encapsulation	References
Nanoparticles
Indomethacin	Alginate-mesoporous silica	Sustained drug-delivery system for poorly water-soluble drug	[53, 54]
Bacteriophages	Alginate-nanohydroxyapatite	Delivery system to prevent orthopedic implant-associated infections	[55]
Bacteriophage	Alginate-CaCO3	Encapsulation of bacteriophages	[56]
VEGF	Alginate	Injectable hydrogels for implant	[57]
Prednisolone and inulin	Alginate-chitosan	Nanoparticles for colon delivery	[58]
Amphotericin B	Sodium alginate glycol chitosan stearate	Nanoparticles for better chemotherapy in visceral leishmaniasis	[59]
R6G	Sodium alginate and hydroxyapatite (HAP)	The HAP@Alg nanoparticles show significant potential for the intracellular controlled release of cell-membrane-impermeable drugs	[60]
Dasatinib and zein-lactoferrin	Sodium alginate	Nano-in-micro drug-delivery system for anticancer	[61]
Curcumin and resveratrol	Alginate	Evaluation against DU145 prostate cancer cell line	[62]
Amygdalin	Alginate-chitosan	Biocompatible drug-delivery carriers for anticancer	[63]
5-Fluorouracil	Alginate	Treatment for colon cancer liver metastasis	[64, 65]
Doxorubicin hydrochloride	Alginate/CaCO3/DNA	Mediate gene transfection and deliver drug to the cells for cancer treatments	[66]
Tilmicosin	Sodium alginate and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)	The novel TIL-nanogel for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) cow mastitis	[67]
Microparticles
Bismuth sulfide	Alginate	Microfluidic alginate microspheres and photothermal effect	[41]
Polystyrene	Sodium alginate	Microspheres of 400 µm to 900 µm produced pH-responsive smart drug-delivery systems	[68]
Gold NPs	Sodium alginate	Alginate hydrogels of higher than 10 nm released PEG-AuNPs for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes	[69]
D-Mannitol	Sodium alginate, sodium cellulose sulfate (SCS), and poly(methylene-co-cyanoguanidine) hydrochloride (PMCG)	Alginate microbeads of 600 to 800 μm stabilized by two coexisting networks for the treatment of diabetes or others	[70]
Sorbitan ester-based organogels	Alginate	Organogels in alginate microparticles	[71]
Corticosteroids	Alginate	Microparticles for colon delivery	[72]
Vancomycin	Chitosan-alginate polyelectrolyte	Vancomycin-chitosan-alginate polyelectrolyte microparticles as the controlled drug-delivery system	[73]
Other substances
Allogeneic pancreatic islet	Alginate	Long-term immune protection of allogeneic pancreatic islet cells	[74]
Lactoferrin	Alginate	Target Clostridioides difficile infection	[75]
Probiotic bacteria	Alginate and silica	Freeze-dried microparticles	[76]
Micronutrient	Alginate and chitosan	Functionalization for micronutrient	[77]
E. coli Nissle (EcN)	Sodium alginate and chitosan	Alginate-chitosan microcapsule enhanced the survival of EcN	[78]
Cefdinir	Alginate	Floating system and Box–Behnken design	[79]
MICP bacterial spores	Alginate	Self-healing concrete	[80]
SiRNA	Alginate	Vaginal delivery using the scaffold system	[81, 82]
Bacillus subtilis	Alginate-chitosan	Alginate microcapsule for uranium ion absorption	[83]
Hyaluronate	Alginate	Regenerating cartilage	[84]