Biological Activity and Chemical Composition of Detarium microcarpum Guill. and Perr—A Systematic Review

Table 7

Antidiabetic activity of D. microcarpum.

S/N	Method	Solvents	Part of the plant	Major findings	Reference
1		Aqueous	dAgNps (leaves)	It was determined that dAgNps suppressed PANC-1 in the cell viability assay, with IC50 values of 84 μg/mL	[79]
2	In Vivo	Aqueous	Seeds	There was no substantial health risk associated with the administration of 200 mg·kg^−1 of the methanolic seeds extract, alone or in combination with B. eurycoma and M. pruriens seeds, in the current investigation.	[80]
3	In Vivo		Root	The root extract considerably lowered the blood sugar levels of alloxan diabetic rats at ().	[15]
4	In Vivo	Methanol	Leaf	At 500, 750, and 1000 mg/kg body weight, the methanolic leaf extract significantly reduced blood glucose levels. Compared to diabetic rats administered with the conventional medication (glibenclimide), the extract significantly increased the body weight at ()	[81]
5	In Vivo	n-Hexane, ethyl acetate, and 70% methanol	Stem bark	The extracts were found to have anti-implantation activity, which supports its usage as a contraceptive in traditional medicine.	[82]
6	In Vitro	70% methanol	Leaf	On-amylase and -glucosidase IC50 of leaf extracts at 63 and 158 μg/mL, respectively, were lower than those of acarbose.	[57]
7	In Vivo	Aqueous	Seeds	The seeds’ extract lowers postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels in humans.	[83]
8	In Vivo	Aqueous	Seeds	Significant reductions in blood sugar and cholesterol levels were observed with the seed extract. The extract exhibited no influence on haematological or blood chemistry indicators, demonstrating its safety.	[84]
9	In Vivo	Methanol	Leaf	When compared to glibenclamide, methanol leaf extract (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) caused a significant dose-dependent drop in blood sugar levels, 20.62 and 40.75%, respectively, and a considerable recovery of body weight in diabetic rats after four hours of administration (57.49%) was observed.	[85]
10	In Vivo		Gum	The results indicated that detarium gum is a superior excipient for the formulation of metformin mucoadhesive delivery systems. Additionally, gum has shown a promising antidiabetic impact and should be taken with caution, since it may result in abnormally low blood glucose levels.	[86]
11	In Vivo	Methanol	Seed	The methanolic seed extract lowered alpha-amylase and glucosidase at 69.3 and 31.1 mg/mL, respectively	[60]
12	In Vivo		Bread	Reduced incremental blood glucose and postprandial glucose levels by a statistically significant amount at . Glucose has a 62% area-under-curve.	[87]

Notes: S/N = serial number.