3D In Vitro Human Organ Mimicry Devices for Drug Discovery, Development, and Assessment

Table 6

Summary of recent advancements in skin-on-chip and drug testing including the type of drug, the application, the applied cell lines, and the kinetics.

Drug type	Application	Applied cell lines	Kinetics	Ref(s)
Dexamenthasone	Efficacy	HaCaT, HUVEC, HS27	3 days	[108]
	Efficacy	GM-3348, HUVEC, human macrophages (primary cell culture)	Over 48 hrs	[123]
Caffeine; ISDN	Absorption	HUVEC, NHDFs, NHEKs	10 days	[113]
Penicillin	Efficacy	Human skin biopsy, peripheral human blood	>24 hrs	[114]
Caffeine	Diffusion	Rat skin cells	—	[116]
Caffeine; Salicylic acid; Testosterone	Diffusion	N/TERT-1, human primary fibroblast	—	[117]
TNPs	Toxicity	HaCaT	48-72 hrs	[121]

HaCaT: human epidermal keratinocytes; HUVECs: human umbilical vein endothelial cells; HS27 and GM-3348: human fibroblast; ISDN: isosorbide dinitrate; NHDFs: normal human dermal fibroblasts; NHEKs: normal human epidermal keratinocytes; N/TERT-1: keratinocytes; TNPs: titanium dioxide nanoparticles.