Poly(1,5-Diaminonaphthalene)-Modified Screen-Printed Device for Electrochemical Lead Ion Sensing

Table 1

Summary of publications relevant to the electrochemical detection of Pb²⁺ using conducting polymers.

Electrode	Active layer	LOD (μg·L^–1)	Linear range (μg·L^–1)	Ref.
Glassy carbon	Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/black TiO2 composites	0.15	8.28-256.93	[21]
Sputtered planar platinum	Poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene)/graphene	0.02	0.2-700	[23]
Glassy carbon	Polyaniline	20.72	0-414.4	[34]
Glassy carbon	Overoxidized polypyrrole doped with 2(2-pyridylazo)chromotropic acid anion	10	0-200	[36]
Planar platinum	Interpenetrated multiwalled carbon nanotubes/poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene)	2.1	4-150	[37]
Glassy carbon	Poly(1,2-diaminoanthraquinone)	0.58	0-120	[38]
Glassy carbon	Imidazole-functionalized polyaniline	20	2.07-	[39]
Carbon paste		2	0.21-
Glassy carbon	Silver nanoparticles deposited on poly(1,8-diaminonaphthalene)	0.031	207.2-2,486	[40]
Glassy carbon	Polypyrrole-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite hydrogels	0.062	0.1-93.2	[41]
Magnetic glassy carbon	Core-shell ferroferric oxide@polyaniline	0.006	0.02-2,072	[42]
Glassy carbon	Polyaniline-alanine-reduced graphene oxide	0.009	0.016-20.72	[43]
SPE	Graphene-polyaniline	0.1	1–300	[44]
SPE	Graphene/polyaniline/polystyrene	3.3	10–500	[45]
SPE	Poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene)	0.30	0.5–5.0	This work