Reference Description of the study Frequency, power, intensity Best and/or interesting result obtained Baffigi and Bartoli [45 ] Experimental, subcooled boiling, horizontal cylinder, cavitation 40 kHz, 300–500 W
~2331/5000 W m−2 K−1 subcooling temperature: 41 KBergles and Newell [50 ] Horizontal annulus, subcooled boiling, CHF 70 kHz; 80 kHz, 1.4 W/cm² 70 kHz, 40% local increase in non-boiling
Bonekamp and Bier [51 ] Pool boiling, pure fluids (R23, R134a), and mixtures of both 42.0 kHz; 69.2 kHz; 84.7 kHz, 4 W 42 kHz, equimolar mixture,
> 1 W, 90% increase in
+ important hysteresis reduction Heffington and Glezer [36 ] Pool boiling enhancement, VIBE mechanism (vibration-induced bubble ejection) 1.65 MHz Water/ethanol ~70/30: 425% increase in CHF (600 W cm−2 ) Jeong and Kwon [44 ] CHF augmentation pool and subcooled boiling, inclination angle 40 kHz 87–126% CHF increase for downward facing surface Kim et al. [33 ] Experimental results, natural convection, pool subcooled and saturated boiling, platinum wire, transducer at the bottom, liquid FC-72 48 kHz At least 60% global heat transfer increase (natural convection) Kim and Jeong [52 ] Numerical study, water bath, transducer at the bottom, inclination and subcooled boiling 40 kHz see Jeong and Kwon [44 ] Kwon et al. [46 ] CHF enhancement pool boiling, variation of inclination angle and pool temperature, transducer at the bottom 40 kHz CHF increased by 110% at pool temperature 95°C, horizontal downward plate Park and Bergles [47 ] Inert, dielectric liquid typical of those used for immersion cooling of microelectronic components (R-113) to cool small diameters stainless steel tubes power supplied 55 kHz, 75 W, 8000 W m−2 Saturated pool: 10% increase in burnout heat flux; subcooled pool: 5% increase Serizawa et al. [37 ] Horizontal and vertical surfaces in water and vertical round tube under forced circulation of water. Silver rod at 750–800 K into distilled water (film boiling), ultrasound at the bottom 28 kHz, 70 W Natural convection and pool nucleate boiling augmented for higher liquid subcooling. Temperature change periodically with ultrasonic waves. Quenching time reduced Wong and Chon [20 ] Natural convection and boiling around platinum wire in distilled water and methanol, cavitation, experimental work 20 kHz; 44 kHz; 108 kHz; 306 kHz, 0–200 W (with amplifier) 8-fold increase in heat transfer coefficient in natural convection Yamashiro et al. [42 , 43 ] Quenching process, horizontal platinum wires in subcooled water 24 kHz; 44 kHz, 0–280 W Cooling rate and heat flux increase with cavitation intensity and water subcooling, better effect at 24 kHz Zhou and Liu [35 ] Experimental study, acetone boiling in cubic pool around an horizontal circular tube, acoustic cavitation ? Heat transfer increased with water subcooling and cavitation intensity Zhou [53 ] Experimental investigations, copper nanofluid, acoustic cavitation, cubic vessel filled with acetone, horizontal copper tube ? Heat transfer in presence of acoustic field increased with nanoparticles concentration, cavitation intensity, fluid subcooling Zhou and Liu [54 ] Experimental investigations, calcium-carbonate nanoparticles in acetone, acoustic cavitation, cubic vessel with horizontal copper tube ? Convection and boiling reduced by addition of nanoparticles, but increase with acoustic field intensity Zhou et al. [34 ] Acetone boiling around horizontal copper tube in a cubic vessel, acoustic cavitation effect on boiling heat transfer ? Higher heat flux at lower wall temperature with acoustic cavitation