Lasting Developmental Effects of Neonatal Fentanyl Exposure in Preweanling Rats

Figure 1

Study tests and procedures timeframe. PhDev: growth and physical development assessment (PND 6–21); EoutBase: baseline testing (righting reflex, negative geotaxis, and locomotor activity) (PND 6); EOut: early outcome assessment (PND 9); Adm: administration procedure, according to group (administration of fentanyl, administration of 0.9% saline solution, or manipulation) (PND 6–8); Incis: incision or manipulation, according to group (PND 6); WirePr: wire hanging maneuver pretest (PND 17); Wire: wire hanging maneuver test (PND 18 + 20); RotaTr: accelerating rotarod training (pretest) (PND 17 + 19); Rota: accelerating rotarod test (PND 21); OpenF: behavior in open-field arena (PND 18); Maze: elevated plus maze test (PND 18); Recog: novel object recognition test of short-term memory (PND 19); Sac: sacrifice (PND 21).