Insulin Facilitates the Recovery of Myocardial Contractility and Conduction during Cardiac Compression in Rabbits with Bupivacaine-Induced Cardiovascular Collapse

Table 1

Changes of hemodynamics, bupivacaine concentration and QRS duration in the control and insulin groups.

	Group	Baseline	CVC	5 min	10 min	15 min	20 min	25 min	30 min
HR (/min)	Control	184±30	13±30^†	102±14^†	153±21^†	173±25	215±32	221±31	219±22
	Insulin	162±36	21±27^†	109±24^†	150±18	189±31	185±26	188±31	188±34
MAP (mmHg)	Control	88±11	13±4^†	48±9^†	43±6^†	50±15^†	61±25^†	70±22	84±13
	Insulin	85±15	13±2^†	44±6^†	36±7^†	58±15^†	72±7^†	73±7	77±9
CPP (mmHg)	Control	73±12	6±1^†	23±12^†	20±13^†	29±20^†	48±28	58±21	73±12
	Insulin	69±13	7±3^†	20±11^†	19±7^†	43±18^†	58±8^†	61±8	64±10
Bupivacaine (ug/dL)	Control		84.89±44.88^†	3.21±0.51^†	2.02±0.42^†	1.59±0.31^†	1.41±0.31^†	1.21±0.41^†	1.09±0.11^†
	Insulin		77.45±51.65^†	3.42±1.02^†	2.21±0.41^†	1.81±0.39^†	1.62±0.19^†	1.49±0.29^†	1.19±0.11^†
QRS (msec)	Control	46±9	168±89^†	178±33^†	173±37^†	171±41^†	75±34^†	65±22^†	55±9
	Insulin	48±9	186±93^†	182±48^†	176±50^†	71±12^†,*	58±12	58±8	59±9

Values are mean ± SD.
CVC: cardiovascular collapse; HR: heart rate; MAP: mean arterial pressure; CPP: coronary perfusion pressure.
* 𝑃<0.05 versus control; ^†𝑃<0.05 versus baseline.