Preoperative Anaemia and Associated Postoperative Outcomes in Noncardiac Surgery Patients in Central Region of Ghana

Table 3

Age and sex stratification.

	Males						Females
	15–49 yrs (N = 245)			≥50 yrs (N = 194)			15–49 yrs (N = 320)			≥50 yrs (N = 134)
Parameters	Anaemic	Nonanaemic	value	Anaemic	Nonanaemic	value	Anaemic	Nonanaemic	value	Anaemic	Nonanaemic	value
Preoperative anaemia	86 (35.1%)	159 (64.9%)	<0.001	106 (54.6%)	88 (45.4%)	0.238	211 (65.9%)	109 (34.1%)	<0.001	82 (61.2%)	52 (38.8%)	<0.001
Comorbidities	7 (8.1%)	8 (5.0%)	0.216	39 (37.5%)	16 (18.2%)	0.003	22 (10.4%)	12 (11.0%)	0.957	32 (39.0%)	16 (30.7%)	0.331
Mean Hb (g/dl) ± SD	11.0 ± 1.5	14.9 ± 1.4	<0.001	10.9 ± 1.7	14.4 ± 1.2	<0.001	9.8 ± 1.9	13.1 ± 0.9	<0.001	9.9 ± 1.5	13.0 ± 0.8	<0.001
Severity of anaemia	—	—	<0.001	—	—	<0.001	—	—	<0.001	—	—	<0.001
Mild	48 (55.8%)	0.0%	—	61 (57.5%)	0.0%	—	70 (33.2%)	0.0%	—	30 (36.6%)	0.0%	—
Moderate	34 (38.1%)	0.0%	—	41 (38.7%)	0.0%	—	109 (51.7%)	0.0%	—	42 (51.2%)	0.0%	—
Severe	4 (4.8%)	0.0%	—	4 (3.8%)	0.0%	—	32 (15.2%)	0.0%	—	10 (12.2%)	0.0%	—
Classification of anaemia^∗	n = 77	n = 145	0.060	n = 94	n = 81	0.114	n = 184	n = 102	0.003	n = 73	n = 48	0.049
Microcytic and/or hypochromic	46 (59.7%)	64 (44.1%)	—	40 (42.6%)	23 (28.4%)	—	118 (64.1%)	48 (47.1%)	—	40 (54.8%)	16 (33.3%)	—
Normocytic normochromic	31 (40.3%)	81 (55.9%)	—	52 (55.3%)	54 (66.7%)	—	66 (35.9%)	54 (52.9%)	—	31 (42.5%)	32 (66.7%)	—
Macrocytic	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0%)	—	2 (2.1%)	4 (4.9%)	—	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	—	2 (2.7%)	0 (0.0%)	—

Results are shown as mean ± SD and frequency (percentage); Data on MCV and MCH were not available for all patients.