Intravenous Magnesium Sulphate for Analgesia after Caesarean Section: A Systematic Review

Table 4

Postoperative analgesia outcomes.

	Elgebaly et al. (2011)	Elrahman and Youssry (2017)	Helmy et al. (2015)	Maulik et al. (2015)	Mireskandari et al. (2015)	Paech et al. (2006)	Rezae et al. (2014)
Anaesthesia	S	G + (TAP)	G	S	G	S + (F)	G
Intraoperative opioids^†	No	Yes (F)	Yes (F)	No	Yes (F)	Yes (F)	Yes (F + M)
Magnesium intervention group (n)	30	30	20	40	25	42, 38	35
Analgesia type^‡	IV (Pa) PRN	IV (M) PRN	IM (Pe) by VAS	IM (D) by VAS	IV (M) PCA	PO (Pa) and (Me) PCEA	IV (M) PRN
Time to first postoperative analgesia requirement	Mg = 7.05 hr	Mg = 200 m	Mg = 36 m	Mg = 270 m	—	Mg^1 = 86 m	—
	C = 3.7 hr	C = 120 m	C = 33 m	C = 223.6 m		Mg^2 = 102 m
	()	()	NS	()		C = 105 m
						NS (0.867)
Total postoperative analgesia consumption (Mg versus C)	Reported as frequency of analgesia	Mg = 6.2 mg (M)	Mg = 137 mg (Pe)	Mg = 2.5 g (D)	Mg = 4.36 u (M)	Mg^1 = 565 mg (Me)	Mg = 11.2 mg (M)
	Mg = 2.5 (0.4)					Mg^2 = 585 mg (Me)
	C = 3.9 (0.5)	C = 10.1 mg (M)	C = 140 mg (Pe)	C = 3.6 g (D)	C = 7.2 u (M)	C = 543 mg (Me)	C = 13.9 mg (M)
End point	Freq. (24 hr)	24 hr	24 hr	24 hr	24 hr	48 hr	24 hr
value	()	()	NS	()	()	NS (0.792)	()

S = spinal, G = general, (F) = intrathecal fentanyl, (TAP) = bilateral transversus abdominus plane block, ^†(F) = fentanyl, (F + M) = fentanyl and morphine, ^‡IV = intravenous, IM = intramuscular, PO = oral, PRN = as required, VAS = visual analogue scale, PCA = patient-controlled analgesia, PCEA = patient-controlled epidural analgesia, (T) = tramadol, (D) = diclofenac, (Pa) = paracetamol, (Pe) = pethidine, (M) = morphine, (Me) = meperidine, hr = hour, m = minute, g = gram, mg = milligram, u = units not specified, Mg = magnesium (Mg¹ = Paech et al. low dose magnesium, Mg² = Paech et al. high dose magnesium), C = control, NS = not significant.