A Systematic Review of Postoperative Pain Outcome Measurements Utilised in Regional Anesthesia Randomized Controlled Trials

Table 2

Summary of pain outcomes reported in included studies.

Pain outcome	No. of studies utilising outcome	Studies
VAS	11	Andersen et al. [13]; Bengisun et al. [39]; Bharti et al. [14]; Boussofara et al. [15]; Capdevilla et al. [16]; Karthikeyan et al. [37]; Kim et al. [42]; Kulhari et al. [36]; Sato et al. [31]; Siddiqui et al. [41]; Wegener et al. [25]
VAS on a specified activity	1	Thybo et al. [26]
Time to VAS 3 cm	1	Andersen et al. [13]
NRS at rest	10	Ambrosoli et al. [12]; Choi et al. [17]; Fritsch et al. [21]; Sawhney et al. [32]; Schoenmakers et al. [29]; Stundner et al. [27]; Wegener et al. [24]; Wongyingsinn et al. [23]; YaDeau et al. [40]; Subramanyam et al. [28]
NRS on activity	9	Ambrosoli et al. [12]; Choi et al. [17]; Fritsch et al. [21]; Sawhney et al. [32]; Schoenmakers et al. [29]; Stundner et al. [27]; Wegener et al. [24]; Wongyingsinn et al. [23]; YaDeau et al. [40]
Maximum NRS score	3	Hamdani et al. [38]; Salviz et al. [33]; Zhai et al. [22]
Average NRS	1	Hamdani et al. [38]
Analgesic consumption	7	Bharti et al. [14]; Capdevilla et al. [16]; Kulhari et al. [36]; Moura et al. [35]; Nagafuchi et al. [34]; Salviz et al. [33]; Sawhney et al. [32]
Opioid consumption	16	Andersen et al. [13]; Bharti et al. [14]; Boussofara et al. [15]; Choi et al. [17]; Diakomi et al. [18]; Elkassabany et al. [19]; Hamdani et al. [38]; Karthikeyan et al. [37]; Kulhari et al. [36]; Moura et al. [35]; Salviz et al. [33]; Sawhney et al. [32]; Sato et al. [31]; Sindjelic et al. [30]; Thybo et al. [26]; Wegener et al. [24]
Time to 1st pain	2	Salviz et al. [33]; Zhai et al. [22]
Time to 1st analgesic request	6	Karthikeyan et al. [37]; Kulhari et al. [36]; Moura et al. [35]; Schoenmakers et al. [29]; Sindjelic et al. [30]; Subramanyam et al. [28]
Time to 1st opioid request	1	Diakomi et al. [18]
Sleep disturbance	2	Ambrosoli et al. [12]; Andersen et al. [13]
WOMAC	1	Wegener et al. [25]
APS-POQ-R	1	Elkassabany et al. [19]

NRS = numerical reported score (verbal; out of 10); VAS = visual analogue scale; APS-POQ-R = American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire; WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index.