The Role of Interfascial Plane Blocks in Paediatric Regional Anaesthesia: A Narrative Review of Current Perspectives and Updates

Table 1

The table shows various surgeries in which interfascial plane blocks are commonly used and the nerves targeted for the corresponding blocks.

Type of block	Targeted nerves	Surgery/indication
PEC blocks and serratus anterior block	Medial (C8-T1) and lateral pectoral (C5-C7), long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)	Thoracotomy and thoracoscopic procedures, breast surgeries, insertion cardiac resynchronization device, nuss procedures, and traumatic rib fractures
Rectus sheath block	T7-T12	For surgeries with midline abdominal incision
Transversus abdominis block	Lower six thoracic (T7-T12) and first lumbar nerve (L1)	Laparotomy, laparoscopic surgeries of the abdominal wall Provides only somatic analgesia
Ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric block	Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves arising from L1	Inguinal hernia repair, orchiopexy, and hydrocele repair
Quadratus lumborum block	Lateral QLB-L1; Anterior QLB-T4-L1; Posterior QLB-T4-L1	Lateral QLB provides analgesia for abdominal surgeries below the umbilicus; Anterior and posterior QLB provides both somatic and visceral analgesia for abdominal surgeries above and below the umbilicus
Erector spinae block	Spread to anterior and posterior rami in craniocaudal direction depending on the site of injection	Found to be effective in various thoracic, breast, and abdominal surgeries