Low-Dose Ketamine Infusion for Perioperative Pain Management in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 4

Pain score data between the groups.

Pain scores between groups
	C	K	Total	value
	(N = 18)	(N = 17)	(N = 34)
Avg. pain score 0–12 hours				0.1613^1
N	18	17	35
Mean (SD)	4.4 (1.5)	3.4 (2.2)	3.9 (1.9)
Range	(2.0–7.0)	(0.0–7.4)	(0.0–7.4)
Difference (95% CI)			1.0 (–0.3, 2.3)
Avg. pain score 12–24 hours				0.0585^1
N	18	17	35
Mean (SD)	3.7 (1.3)	2.6 (1.9)	3.1 (1.7)
Range	(1.4–7.2)	(0.0–6.9)	(0.0–7.2)
Difference (95% CI)			1.1 (0, 2.2)
Avg. pain score 24–48 hours^∗				0.2559^1
N	17	16	33
Mean (SD)	3.8 (1.4)	3.1 (1.9)	3.4 (1.7)
Range	(1.0–6.4)	(0.0–6.6)	(0.0–6.6)
Difference (95% CI)			0.7 (−0.4, 1.8)

¹Chi-square. ²Equal variance t-test. Avg.: average and CI: confidence interval. ^∗1 patient from each group was discharged early so this value was not obtained in 2 patients.