Prevalence of Emergence Delirium and Associated Factors among Older Patients Who Underwent Elective Surgery: A Multicenter Observational Study
Table 3
Bivariable logistic regression of factors associated with the emergence delirium in older patients who underwent elective surgery in the teaching hospitals of Ethiopia, Ethiopia (n = 384).
Variables
Categories
Emergence delirium, frequency (%)
COR (95% CI)
-value
Yes (n = 106)
No (n = 278)
106 (27.6)
278 (72.4)
Educational status
High education
26 (22.6)
89 (77.4)
1
Low education
18 (14.3)
108 (85.7)
0.57 (0.22–0.66)
0.22
No
62 (43.4)
81 (56.6)
2.62 (0.90–3.40)
0.18
Marital status
Married
71 (22.8)
241 (77.2)
1
Single
23 (46.9)
26 (53.1)
3.0 (0.46–3.33)
0.22
Divorced
12 (52.2)
11 (47.8)
4.16 (1.57–8.75)
0.23
Comorbidity
No
71 (23.1)
237 (76.9)
1
Yes
35 (46.1)
41 (53.9)
2.85 (2.11–10.0)
0.16
Preoperative hemoglobin level
Nonanemic
45 (14.5)
266 (85.5)
1
Anemic
61 (83.6)
12 (16.4)
30.1 (3.10–26.0)
0.24
Types of anesthesia
Regional anesthesia
34 (19.3)
142 (80.7)
1
General anesthesia
72 (34.6)
136 (65.4)
2.21 (1.82–9.2)
0.22
Premedication
Anticholinergic
No
49 (17)
240 (83)
1
Yes
57 (60)
38 (40)
7.35 (5.5–11.3)
0.12
Opioids
No
41 (15.5)
223 (84.5)
1
Yes
65 (54.2)
55 (45.8)
6.43 (20–55)
0.23
Types of surgery
Others (Plastics and EENT)
2 (7.4)
23 (92.6)
1
Urology
8 (19.5)
33 (80.5)
2.79 (1.21–9.33)
0.44
Neurologic surgery
10 (37.0)
17 (63.0)
6.76 (2.0–17.15)
0.23
Oral and maxillofacial
10 (19.6)
41 (80.4)
2.80 (0.42–8.55)
0.26
Gynecology
10 (22.7)
34 (77.3)
3.38 (1.06–12.0)
0.54
Thoracic
13 (41.9)
18 (58.1)
8.31 (4.44–21.1)
0.19
Orthopedics
18 (27.7)
49 (72.3)
4.22 (0.65–3.88)
0.20
General surgery
35 (35.7)
63 (64.3)
6.39 (1.46–17.2)
0.22
Postoperative pain
No-mild
93 (25.7)
269 (74.3)
1
Moderate-severe
13 (59.1)
9 (40.9)
4.18 (7.3–17.1)
0.23
Sedation levels
Calm or no answers
56 (21.9)
200 (78.1)
1
Restless
10 (31.3)
22 (68.7)
1.62 (22–38)
0.22
Agitated
9 (33.3)
18 (66.7)
1.78 (2.4–3.1)
0.24
Very agitated
17 (47.2)
19 (52.8)
3.19 (1.5–6.4)
0.19
Combative
14 (42.4)
19 (57.6)
2.63 (1.6–8.1)
0.21
N.B: Bold -value = significant association on bivariable logistic regression at a -value< 0.25. 1-Reference group.
