Anticipated vs. Experienced Pain at Site of Spinal Needle Insertion in Patients Undergoing Elective Lower Segment Caesarean Section: Perspective from Resource-Limited Region

Table 3

Predictors associated with anticipated pain.

Variables	Univariate analysis		Multivariable analysis
	Coefficient (95% CI)	Value	Coefficient (95% CI)	value
Age	0.01 (−0.09, 0.10)	0.913	−0.01 (−0.09, 0.07)	0.792
Number of attempts
1 attempt	1.0 (reference)
>1 attempt	−0.66 (−2.44, 1.11)	0.456	−1.46 (−3.30, 0.39)	0.119
Duration of spinal
≤10 min	1.0 (reference)
>10 min	0.75 (−0.90, 2.42)	0.365	0.75 (−1.00, 2.50)	0.391
Designation of anaesthesiologist
Consultant	1.0 (reference)
Resident	0.44 (1.06, 1.95)	0.557	0.433 (−0.87, 1.74)	0.509
APAIS
<11	1.0 (reference)
≥11	2.59 (1.49, 3.68)	<0.001	2.51 (1.36, 3.67)	<0.001