Simplified Assessment of Antiretroviral Adherence and Prediction of Virological Efficacy in HIV-Infected Patients in Cambodia

Table 2

Association between the four measures of adherence and virological failure in the overall population.

	𝑁	Virological failure: 𝑁 (%)	OR [95% CI]	𝑃
Self-report questionnaire (all three items)*
100% adherent	223	63 (28.2)	1
At least one missed HAART dose	34	11 (32.3)	1.21 [0.56–2.64]	.62
Visual analog scale*
10	184	54 (29.3)	1
9	62	18 (29.1)	0.98 [0.52–1.85]	.70
<9	11	2 (18.2)	0.54 [0.11–2.55]
Antiretroviral drug concentrations (ng/mL)
≥1000 for EFV or ≥3000 for NVP	241	61 (25.3)	1
<1000 for EFV or <3000 for NVP	18	13 (72.2)	7.67 [2.63 –22.40]	<.0001
Macrocytosis (MCV ≥100 fL)^**
Yes	229	62 (27.1)	1
No	23	12 (52.1)	2.94 [1.23–7]	.015
Self-report questionnaire plus macrocytosis
100% adherent	200	56 (28)	1
At least one mistake	50	18 (36)	1.44 [0.75–2.78]	.27
Self-report questionnaire plus drug assays
100% adherent	209	54 (25.8)	1
At least one mistake	48	20 (41.7)	2.05 [1.07–3.93]	.031

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval, *Available for 257 patients, ^**Available for 252 patients.