Time to and Predictors of CD4+ T-Lymphocytes Recovery in HIV-Infected Children Initiating Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Ghana
Table 3
Unadjusted associations of patient characteristics and time to CD4+ T-lymphocyte recovery among 233 HIV-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) from 2004–2009, Accra, Ghana.
(%)§
Hazard Ratio
-value
Age category at ARV start
.005
<1 year
10 (4.3)
0.93
.864
1–5 years
118 (51.0)
1.64
.002
>6 years
105 (45.1)
1.00
preHAART CD4+ counts (per 102)
228 (97.9)
1.05
.001
WHO immune classification at ARV start
<.0001
No evidence of suppression
31 (13.3)
2.22
.0004
Evidence of moderate suppression
80 (34.3)
2.08
<.0001
Severe suppression
122 (52.4)
1.00
Gender
.059
Female
112 (48.1)
1.34
Male
121 (51.9)
1.00
Mode of transmission
.928
Vertical transmission
199 (85.4)
0.88
.715
Unknown
23 (9.9)
0.91
.842
Indeterminate¶
11 (4.7)
1.00
Graduate of PMTCT program
<.0001
Yes
3 (2.2)
4.77‡
No
201 (86.3)
1.00
Parental living status
.054
Known both alive
109 (46.8)
1.80
.024
Known one alive
79 (33.9)
1.86
.020
Both died or unknown
31 (13.3)
1.00
—
Parental HIV status
.241
Both parents with HIV
28 (12.0)
1.46
.131
One parents known with HIV
128 (54.9)
1.00
.999
Both parents unknown
75 (32.2)
1.00
—
WHO clinical staging at ARV start
.197
I
32 (13.7)
0.98
.95
II
53 (22.7)
0.70
.98
III
106 (45.5)
1.09
.71
IV
41 (17.6)
1.00
Adherence self report
.078
Poor
13 (5.6)
1.80
.131
Good
46 (19.8)
1.24
.607
Excellent
144 (61.8)
1.00
Unknown
30 (12.9)
Previous Tb diagnosis and treatment
.803
Yes
119 (51.1)
0.15
No
114 (48.9)
1.00
§% corresponds to proportion of the 233 subjects. The sum of and may not be up to 100% and 233, respectively, due to subjects with “unknown” responses. ¶ Subjects with history of possible maternal transmission, blood transfusion, or sexual abuse. ‡(95% CL: 2.90, 18.36).
