Differences in the Nonuse of any Contraception and Use of Specific Contraceptive Methods in HIV Positive and HIV Negative Rwandan Women
Table 5
Univariate and multivariate analysis of demographic and clinical characteristics of nonuse of contraception1.
Variable
No contraception
Proportion practicing method (%)
Univariate OR (95% CI)
Multivariate adjusted OR (95% CI)a
HIV Status
HIV−
4 (5.6%)
()
HIV+
28 (7.2%)
1.30 (0.44–3.81)
HIV/CD4 Status
HIV−
4 (5.6%)
()
()b
HIV+ CD4 < 200
9 (8.5%)
1.55 (0.46–5.25)
2.06 (0.58–7.34)
HIV+ CD4 on
4 (2.7%)
0.46 (0.11–1.89)
0.57 (0.13–2.40)
HIV+ CD4 ≥ 350
15 (11.2%)
2.11 (0.57–6.62)
3.13 (0.94–10.43)
Number of living children
0
6 (4.9%)
()
1-2
9 (6.1%)
1.26 (0.44–3.65)
3-4
12 (8.8%)
1.87 (0.68–5.15)
5+
5 (8.9%)
1.90 (0.55–6.50)
HIV Status/Partner knowledge
HIV+ Partner knows
15 (6.8%)
()
HIV+ Partner does not know
13 (8.4%)
1.39 (0.64–3.01)
HIV− Partner knows
1 (2.3%)
0.36 (0.05–2.79)
HIV− Partner does not know
3 (13.0%)
2.26 (0.60–8.47)
Age
>30
5 (4.5%)
0.35 (0.11–1.08)
0.27 (0.08–0.87)*
30–40
18 (6.6%)
0.53 (0.23–1.22)
0.37 (0.15–0.92)*
40+
9 (11.8%)
()
()
Married or living with partner
No
14 (6.2%)
()
()
Yes
17 (7.3%)
2.25 (1.06–4.78)
*
2.55 (1.17–5.58)*
Genocidal rape
No
14 (6.2%)
()
Yes
17 (7.3%)
1.18 (0.57–2.46)
Employed
No
23 (7.1%)
()
Yes
7 (5.5%)
0.75 (0.31–1.80)
Income
0–10,000
11 (7.7%)
()
10,001–35,000
14 (6.0%)
0.80 (0.35–1.81)
35,001+
7 (8.4%)
1.14 (0.42–3.06)
Ever had sex for cash
No
27 (8.3%)
()
Yes
5 (3.8%)
0.44 (0.16–1.16)
aModels built by stepwise selection among all variables in this table with a value for entry of 0.05 and a value for removal of >0.1.
bEven though all 95% CIs contain 1, the overall value for significance of HIV CD4 status considering all categories simultaneously is <0.1 by Wald test.
*
, **, ***.
1Thus category excludes women who use surgical methods in addition to the other methods in the previous tables; condoms, hormones, and abstinence.
