Loss to Followup in HIV-Infected Patients from Asia-Pacific Region: Results from TAHOD

Table 4

Factors that predict permanent LTFU in patients without a clinic visit for 180 days.

	Number	True loss	%	OR^1	95% CI	𝑃 value	Adjusted OR^1	95% CI	𝑃 value
Sex
Male	1206	584	48.4	1.00			1.00
Female	442	209	47.3	0.89	(0.69, 1.15)	0.359	0.80	(0.61, 1.05)	0.104
Current age (years)
≤35	568	278	48.9	1.00			1.00		0.097^2
36~45	717	340	47.4	1.33	(1.03, 1.71)	0.031	1.31	(1.00, 1.72)	0.050
46+	363	175	48.2	1.27	(0.94, 1.72)	0.118	1.28	(0.93, 1.77)	0.128
Reported exposure
Heterosexual contact	985	443	45.0	1.00			1.00
Homosexual contact	344	199	57.8	1.12	(0.78, 1.60)	0.532	1.24	(0.85,1.81)	0.262
Injecting drug use	125	55	44.0	1.01	(0.59, 1.73)	0.969	1.32	(0.72, 2.41)	0.364
Other/unknown	194	96	49.5	1.07	(0.69, 1.64)	0.773	1.22	(0.78, 1.93)	0.382
Current CD4 count (cells/μl.)
≤100	58	36	62.1	1.00			1.00
101–200	129	66	51.2	0.76	(0.36, 1.60)	0.471	0.99	(0.47, 2.13)	0.989
201+	1068	465	43.5	0.62	(0.33, 1.18)	0.144	0.82	(0.42, 1.59)	0.551
Missing	393	226	57.5	1.50	(0.77, 2.93)	0.238	1.18	(0.58, 2.42)	0.649
Current HIV RNA (copies/mL)
≤500	598	230	38.5	1.00			1.00		0.011^2
501+	153	78	51.0	1.02	(0.68, 1.52)	0.924	0.94	(0.62, 1.42)	0.767
Missing	897	485	54.1	2.13	(1.63, 2.80)	<0.001	1.54	(1.13, 2.09)	0.006
CDC disease stage
Stage A	828	413	49.9	1.00			1.00
Stage B	121	54	44.6	0.77	(0.48, 1.22)	0.258	0.70	(0.43, 1.14)	0.154
Stage C	699	326	46.6	1.00	(0.78, 1.27)	0.975	1.05	(0.81, 1.36)	0.702
Tuberculosis diagnosis
Yes	361	186	51.5	1.00			1.00
No	1287	607	47.2	0.87	(0.66, 1.16)	0.342	0.85	(0.63, 1.15)	0.297
Time since HIV infection (years)
≤5	771	400	51.9	1.00			1.00
6+	858	389	45.3	1.25	(0.98, 1.60)	0.076	1.03	(0.79, 1.34)	0.835
Missing	19	4	21.1	0.37	(0.12, 1.17)	0.091	0.43	(0.13, 1.43)	0.170
Hepatitis B infection
Yes	112	47	42.0	1.00			1.00
No	883	431	48.8	1.30	(0.84, 2.03)	0.243	1.35	(0.84, 2.16)	0.222
N/A	653	315	48.2	1.31	(0.82, 2.09)	0.253	1.03	(0.60,1.76)	0.908
Hepatitis C infection
Yes	149	66	44.3	1.00			1.00		0.004^2
No	796	376	47.2	1.57	(1.01, 2.45)	0.046	1.66	(1.04, 2.66)	0.034
N/A	703	351	49.9	1.96	(1.26, 3.05)	0.003	2.16	(1.35, 3.46)	0.001
Current anemia (male < 13 g/dL, female < 11 g/dL)
Yes	141	87	61.7	1.00			1.00		<0.001^2
No	1065	456	42.8	0.53	(0.35, 0.81)	0.003	0.50	(0.32, 0.76)	0.001
N/A	442	250	56.6	1.15	(0.73, 1.81)	0.549	0.78	(0.49, 1.26)	0.310
Current ART**
3 + (NRTI + NNRTI)	911	404	44.3	1.00			1.00
3 + (NRTI + PI)	356	167	46.9	0.76	(0.57, 1.02)	0.072	0.74	(0.54,1.01)	0.057
No/mono/double ARV	352	209	59.4	0.93	(0.69, 1.26)	0.644	0.78	(0.57, 1.08)	0.137
3 + (other combination)	29	13	44.8	0.89	(0.40, 1.98)	0.770	0.85	(0.38, 1.94)	0.707
Previous episode of temporary LTFU
None	1298	589	45.4	1.00			1.00		<0.001^2
Once	296	158	53.4	2.79	(2.05, 3.80)	<0.001	2.71	(1.97, 3.72)	<0.001
Twice	54	46	85.2	31.76	(13.91, 72.52)	<0.001	27.75	(12.03, 64.01)	<0.001

(1) Stratified by TAHOD sites.
(2) Overall for test for trend (ordinal categorical covariates) or for homogeneity (nominal categorical covariates).
(3) ART: NRTI: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NNRTI: nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI: protease inhibitor.