Imputation of the Date of HIV Seroconversion in a Cohort of Seroprevalent Subjects: Implications for Analysis of Late HIV Diagnosis

Table 2

Factors associated with late diagnosis (time to HIV diagnosis over 4.19 years).

	Whole cohort (𝑁=3667)				New HIV diagnoses (𝑁=2928)
	LD*/Total	%	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	𝑃	LD*/Total	%	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	𝑃
Sex
Men	1018/2854	36	1.67 (1.27–2.21)	<0.001	936/2287	41	1.77 (1.30–2.40)	<0.001
Women	233/813	29	1		211/641	33	1
Age at HIV diagnosis				<0.001				<0.001
Up to 30	337/1397	24	1		296/964	31	1
31–40	498/1361	37	1.79 (1.46–2.19)	<0.001	459/1133	41	1.49 (1.19–1.87)	<0.001
Over 41	408/892	46	2.64 (2.10–3.30)	<0.001	392/830	47	1.95 (1.56–2.45)	<0.001
Not available	7/17	42	1.99 (0.61–6.54)	0.256	1/1	—	—	0.808
Transmission category				0.055				0.043
Injection drug user	154/578	27	0.83 (0.62–1.09)	0.176	136/296	46	1.60 (1.10–2.32)	0.014
Men who have sex with men	526/1581	33	1		479/1339	36	1
Heterosexual risk exposure	516/1376	37	1.26 (0.98–1.62)	0.069	483/1187	41	1.39 (1.06–1.82)	0.016
Other (vertical, transfusions, tattoos, etc.)	21/58	37	1.08 (0.56–2.09)	0.820	20/46	44	1.36 (0.68–2.72)	0.385
Don’t know/No answer	34/74	45	1.47 (0.77–2.79)	0.241	30/60	50	1.70 (0.89–3.21)	0.105
Country of origin				0.004				0.065
Spain	812/2512	32	1		743/1958	38	1
Western Europe	41/114	36	1.14 (0.68–1.93)	0.615	34/82	41	1.11 (0.59–2.09)	0.744
Eastern Europe and Russia	25/72	35	1.48 (0.77–2.86)	0.243	23/64	37	1.13 (0.56–2.29)	0.731
Sub-Saharan Africa	104/246	42	1.75 (1.20–2.56)	0.004	95/215	44	1.54 (1.04–2.29)	0.032
North Africa	27/58	47	1.75 (0.85–3.59)	0.129	27/56	49	1.49 (0.70–3.14)	0.297
Latin America	231/631	37	1.38 (1.09–1.74)	0.008	214/522	41	1.38 (1.08–1.75)	0.009
Other/not available	11/34	34	0.96 (0.39–2.34)	0.925	11/31	36	0.92 (0.39–2.18)	0.846
Total	1251/3667	34			1147/2928	39

*LD.: Late diagnosis (patients with time to HIV diagnosis over 4.19 years).