Prevalence of Drug Resistance and Associated Mutations in a Population of HIV-1⁺ Puerto Ricans: 2006–2010

Table 1

Rates of HIV-1 resistance to antiretroviral drugs, Puerto Rico 2006–2010.

	2006 (number of samples); % of resistant isolates			2007 (number of samples); % of resistant isolates			2008 (number of samples); % of resistant isolates			2009 (number of samples); % of resistant isolates			2010 (number of samples); % of resistant isolates
Drug*	Men; (411)	Women; (245)	Total**; (707)	Men; (384)	Women; (206)	Total; (608)	Men; (445)	Women; (245)	Total; (706)	Men; (224)	Women; (89)	Total; (340)	Men; (54)	Women; (36)	Total; (139)
NNRTIs
DLV	33.3	33.1	33.2	9.4	10.2	9.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
EFV	30.4	29.4	30.0	24.0	36.9	28.5***	23.8	26.9	24.8	21.9	21.3	20.9	14.8	27.8	18.0
ETR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1.9	11.1	6.5
NVP	31.1	29.8	30.6	26.0	36.4	29.6***	24.5	27.8	25.5	23.2	21.3	21.8	14.8	27.8	18.0
NRTIs
3TC	48.4	51.8	49.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
3TC/FTC	0	0	0	0	0	0	28.8	35.5	31.0	25.9	34.8	27.9	7.4	25	12.2***
ABC	36.5	34.3	35.1	28.6	26.7	27.5	14.8	16.7	15.3	11.2	12.4	11.8	5.6	16.7	8.6
AZT	36.3	35.1	35.2	33.1	30.1	31.3	22.5	22.9	22.5	12.1	18.0	13.5	9.3	19.4	12.2
d4T	39.4	36.3	37.6	34.1	30.1	32.1	22.5	23.3	22.7	12.1	18.0	13.5	11.1	19.4	12.9
ddC	56.0	59.2	56.2	19.3	15.5	17.6	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
DDI	27.7	30.2	28.4	26.0	27.2	26.0	14.2	16.7	15.0	9.8	11.2	10.6	5.6	16.7	9.4
FTC	0	0	0	45.8	45.6	44.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
TDF	24.8	25.7	24.9	24.7	26.2	24.8	13.5	15.1	14.0	10.7	10.1	11.5	5.6	16.7	9.4
PIs
APV	29.2	26.9	28.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
APV/FPV	0	0	0	28.1	22.3	25.7	14.6	17.1	15.6	14.7	15.7	15.0	9.3	13.9	11.5
APV/r or FPV/r	20.2	17.6	19.0	0	0	0	13.3	16.3	14.4	14.3	14.6	14.4	9.3	13.9	11.5
ATV	45.3	42.4	43.8	38.8	31.6	35.9	22.2	26.9	23.9	16.1	18.0	17.1	9.3	11.1	10.8
ATV/r	0	0	0	18.5	18.9	18.3	17.5	18.4	18.0	14.3	15.7	15.0	7.4	11.1	10.1
DRV/r	0	0	0	6.8	6.8	6.7	6.1	7.8	6.8	4.5	4.5	4.4	1.9	8.3	3.6
FPV/r	0	0	0	27.1	20.9	24.3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
IDV	36.0	33.5	34.9	34.4	27.2	31.4	18.9	23.3	20.4	17.0	21.3	18.5	7.4	11.1	8.6
IDV/r	25.3	25.7	25.3	31.5	27.2	29.6	16.6	20.0	17.8	14.7	14.6	15.3	5.6	11.1	7.2
LPV/r	26.0	21.2	23.5	21.9	18.0	20.2	12.6	16.3	14.0	12.1	10.1	11.8	0	8.3	2.9
NFV	42.3	39.2	40.5	35.7	30.6	33.6	21.1	25.7	22.5	16.1	21.3	17.9	7.4	11.1	9.4
RTV	33.8	31.4	32.8	12.2	7.8	10.7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
SQV	35.0	30.2	33.0	11.7	7.8	10.4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
SQV/r	24.3	23.3	23.6	29.7	24.8	27.6	17.1	20.0	18.0	13.8	12.4	14.4	14.8	19.4	15.1
TPV/r	8.3	8.6	7.9	14.1	12.6	13.2	10.3	10.2	10.5	7.1	5.6	7.1	3.7	8.3	6.5

*Drug category abbreviations: NNRTIs—nonnucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors, NRTIs—nucleoside and nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and PIs—protease inhibitors.
Drug name abbreviations: ABC—abacavir, APV—amprenavir, ATV—atazanavir, AZT—zidovudine, ddC—zalcitabine, DDI—didanosine, DLV—delavirdine, DRV—darunavir, d4T—stavudine, EFV—efavirenz, ETR—etravirine, FPV—fosamprenavir, FTC—emtricitabine, IDV—indinavir, LPV—lopinavir, NFV—nelfinavir, NVP—nevirapine, RTV—ritonavir, SQV—saquinavir, TDF—tenofovir, TPV—tipranavir, 3TC—lamivudine, and /r—drug combined with Ritonavir.
**Includes the anonymous samples.
***Statistically significant difference observed between men and women.