Morbidity and Mortality Patterns of Hospitalised Adult HIV/AIDS Patients in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: A 4-year Retrospective Review from Zaria, Northern Nigeria
Table 2
Clinical diagnoses of hospitalised HIV/AIDS patients in relation to antiretroviral therapy status and gender.
Diagnosis on presentation
ART status (%)
Total
M/F
No ART
Receiving ART
Tuberculosis
53 (34.9)
16 (29.1)
69 (33.3)
0.87/1
Sepsis
15 (9.2)
6 (7.3)
21 (10.1)
1.1/1
Chronic diarrhoea
8 (5.3)
6 (7.3)
14 (6.8)
1.8/1
Typhoid fever
8 (5.3)
—
8 (3.9)
1.7/1
Non-TB Pneumonia
8 (5.3)
3 (5.5)
11 (5.3)
0.4/1
Disseminated Kaposi’s sarcoma
7 (4.6)
1 (1.8)
8 (3.9)
2/1
Cerebral toxoplasmosis
6 (3.9)
1 (1.8)
7 (3.4)
2.3/1
Viral meningoencephalitis
5 (3.2)
1 (1.8)
6 (2.9)
0.7/1
Demyelinating polyneuropathy
5 (3.2)
—
5 (2.4)
0.7/1
Cryptococcal meningitis
4 (2.6)
1 (1.8)
5 (2.4)
4/1
AIDS encephalopathy
3 (2%)
—
3 (1.4)
2/1
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
3 (2%)
—
3 (1.4)
0.5/1
Acute gastroenteritis (Food poisoning)
2 (1.3%)
2 (3.6)
4 (1.9)
0.7/1
Steven Johnson's syndrome
2 (1.3)
2 (3.6)
4 (1.9)
1/1
Herpes zoster
2 (1.3)
1 (1.8)
3 (1.4)
0.5/1
Acute bacterial meningitis
2 (1.3)
—
2 (0.9)
2/0
Wasting syndrome
2 (1.3)
—
2 (0.9)
1/1
Acute viral hepatitis (HBsAg positive)
2 (1.3)
—
2 (0.9)
1/1
HIV nephropathy
2 (1.3)
—
2 (0.9)
1/1
Candidiasis (esophageal; disseminated)
2 (1.3)
—
2 (0.9)
1/1
Vacuolar myelopathy
1 (0.7)
—
1 (0.5)
0/1
Disseminated herpes simplex
1 (0.7)
—
1 (0.5)
0/1
Severe malaria
1 (0.7)
1 (0.5)
0/1
Dilated cardiomyopathy
—
1 (1.8)
1 (0.5)
0/1
Primary CNS lymphoma
1 (0.7)
—
1 (0.5)
1/0
Glioblastoma multiforme
1 (0.7)
—
1 (0.5)
1/0
Stroke-like state? cause
3 (2)
3 (5.5)
6 (2.9)
3/1
Primary liver cell carcinoma
1 (0.7)
1 (0.5)
1/0
Zidovudine-related severe anaemia
—
4 (7.3)
4 (1.9)
2/1
Nevirapine-induced hepatoxicity
—
2 (3.6)
2 (0.9)
2/0
Nevirapine-induced Steven’s Johnson syndrome
2 (3.6)
2 (0.9)
2/0
Hypertensive heart failure
—
2 (3.6)
2 (0.9)
1/1
Hypertensive renal failure
1 (0.7)
2 (3.6)
3 (1.4)
0.5/1
Hypertensive haemorrhagic stroke
1 (0.7)
1 (0.5)
0/1
Peripartum cardiac failure
1 (0.7)
1 (0.5)
0/1
NB—M/F is the ratio of number of male patients divided by female patients for each diagnosis in the total population.