Effects of a Phone Call Intervention to Promote Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy and Quality of Life of HIV/AIDS Patients in Baoshan, China: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of study participants in intervention and control groups.

Participant characteristic	Treatment-naive		Treatment-experienced
	Intervention (𝑛=52)	Control (𝑛=51)	Intervention (𝑛=46)	Control (𝑛=47)
Sex (%)
Male	24 (46.2)	27 (52.9)	22 (47.8)	21 (44.7)
Female	28 (53.8)	24 (47.1)	24 (52.2)	26 (55.3)
Age group (years)
20–40	38 (73.1)	39 (76.5)	32 (69.6)	34 (72.3)
>40–60	14 (26.9)	10 (19.6)	13 (28.3)	13 (27.6)
>60	0 (0.0)	2 (3.9)	1 (2.2)	0 (0.0)
Ethnicity (%)
Han	41 (78.8)	49 (96.1)	41 (89.1)	40 (85.1)
Other	11 (21.2)	2 (3.9)	5 (10.9)	7 (14.9)
Marital status (%)
Single	3 (5.8)	2 (3.9)	3 (6.5)	2 (4.3)
Married/cohabiting	44 (84.6)	46 (90.2)	41 (89.1)	39 (83.0)
Divorced/widowed	5 (9.6)	3 (5.9)	2 (4.3)	6 (12.8)
Education level (%)
None	4 (7.7)	3 (5.9)	3 (6.5)	3 (6.4)
Primary school	21 (40.4)	24 (47.1)	14 (30.4)	18 (38.3)
Junior high school	24 (46.2)	19 (37.3)	22 (47.8)	20 (42.6)
High school or above	3 (5.8)	5 (9.8)	7 (15.2)	6 (12.8)
Occupation (%)
Agriculture	44 (84.6)	41 (80.4)	37 (80.4)	37 (78.7)
Business	6 (11.5)	7 (13.7)	3 (6.5)	2 (4.3)
Other	2 (3.8)	3 (5.9)	6 (13.0)	8 (17.0)
Residential area (%)
Rural	47 (90.4)	48 (92.3)	39 (84.8)	43 (91.5)
Urban	5 (9.6)	4 (7.7)	7 (15.2)	4 (8.5)
Annual income (CNY)^a
<2000	22 (42.3)	18 (35.3)	14 (30.4)	9 (19.1)
2000–10000	21 (40.4)	15 (29.4)	24 (52.2)	31 (66)
>10000	9 (17.3)	18 (35.3)	8 (17.4)	7 (14.9)
Transmission route (%)
Heterosexual	46 (88.5)	42 (82.4)	43 (93.5)	44 (93.6)
Injecting drug use	6 (11.5)	8 (15.7)	2 (4.3)	5 (10.6)
Other	4 (7.7)	8 (15.7)	1 (2.2)	1 (2.1)
CD4 count (cells/mm^3)
≤100	12 (23.1)	9 (17.6)	2 (4.4)	1 (2.2)
>100–200	13 (25.0)	10 (19.6)	10 (22.2)	8 (17.8)
>200–350	27 (51.9)	32 (62.7)	18 (40)	21 (46.7)
>350	—	—	15 (33.3)	15 (33.3)
WHO clinical staging (%)
I	30 (57.7)	36 (70.6)	26 (56.5)	22 (46.8)
II	10 (19.2)	6 (11.8)	6 (13.0)	12 (25.5)
≥III or IV	12 (23.1)	9 (17.6)	14 (30.4)	13 (27.7)
ART regimen (%)
AZT + 3TC + EFV^b	19 (36.5)	15 (29.4)	9 (19.6)	11 (23.4)
AZT + 3TC + NVP^c	28 (53.8)	31 (60.8)	26 (56.5)	23 (48.9)
Other	5 (9.6)	5 (9.8)	11 (23.9)	13 (27.7)

^a1 USD = 6.36 CNY; ^b,cAZT: Zidovudine; 3TC: Lamivudine; NVP: Nevirapine; EFV: Efavirenz; ART: antiretroviral therapy.