AIDS Research and Treatment

Research Article

Relationships between Serum Levels of Atazanavir and Renal Toxicity or Lithiasis

Table 1

Characteristics of the patients in the study.
Patient variables included
Gender (M/F) (%)72 (73.5%)/26 (26.5%)
Age (years) mean (SD)46.1 (8.4)
Patient-year at risk168.4
HIV risk group ( (%)) 
 UDVP30 (30.6)
 Homosexual 27 (27.6)
 Heterosexual 32 (32.6)
 Unknown 9 (9.2)
HIV stage () 
 Stage A (A1/A2/A3)2/23/13
 Stage B (B1/B2/B3)4/8/14
 Stage C (C1/C2/C3)1/6/27
Grouped BMI (%) 
 <2018 (18.4)
 20–3070 (71.4)
  >309 (9.2)
 Unknown1 (1.0)
HIV infection duration, years (mean) (SD)16.3 (6.5)
Basal CD4, cells/µL (median) (1Q–3Q)573 (350–795)
Basal HIV RNA (log10 cop/mL) mean (SD)2.5 (1.1)
Basal HIV RNA <50 copies/mL (%)90.0%
Cumulative ATV exposure, months (median) (1Q–3Q)19.2 (9.5–37.5)
Time of ATV dosage (B/L/D) (%)30.1/20.4/49.5
Administration of TDF in ART (%)72.0%
Bilirubin at onset of ART/basal (mg/dL)0.7/1.7
ClCr by MDRD at onset of ART/basal (SD)98.0 (25.0)/94.7 (22.4)
History of lithiasis (%) 
 Yes (mean)16 (16.3)
 No (mean)74 (75.5)
 Unknown (mean)8 (8.2)
Atazanavir combo (%) 
 TDF/FTC (tenofovir/emtricitabine)64.0
 LMV/ABV (lamivudine/abacavir)15.4
 Others20.6
: number; M/F: male/female; SD: standard deviation; UDVP: intravenous drug use; BMI: body mass index; B/L/D: breakfast, lunch, and dinner; ClCr: creatinine clearance; MDRD: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease.