Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Infection and Its Determinants among Exposed Infants on Care and Follow-Up in Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia

Table 1

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of HIV-exposed infants on follow-up care in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia, September 2014.

Variables	Total, (%)	Negative, (%)	Positive, (%)
Sex of infant
Male	189 (49.5%)	163 (86.2%)	26 (13.8%)
Female	193 (50.5%)	159 (82.4%)	34 (17.6%)
Infant age at enrollment
≤6 weeks	319 (83.5%)	275 (86.2%)	44 (13.8%)
>6 weeks	63 (16.5%)	47 (74.6%)	16 (25.4%)
Residence
Urban	341 (89.3%)	296 (86.8%)	45 (13.2%)
Rural	41 (10.7%)	26 (63.4%)	15 (36.6%)
Place of delivery
Health institution	344 (90.1%)	303 (88.1%)	41 (11.9%)
Home	38 (9.9%)	19 (50.0%)	19 (50.0%)
PMTCT intervention
On ART	100 (26.2%)	94 (94.0%)	6 (6.0%)
PMTCT	153 (40.0%)	133 (86.9%)	20 (13.1%)
None	129 (33.8%)	95 (73.6%)	34 (26.4%)
PMTCT regimen
Already on HAART	100 (26.2%)	94 (94.0%)	6 (6.0%)
None	129 (33.8%)	95 (73.6%)	34 (26.4%)
sdNVP	91 (23.8%)	78 (85.7%)	13 (14.3%)
sdNVP + AZT + 3TC	55 (14.4%)	48 (87.3%)	7 (12.7%)
sdNVP + AZT for 4 weeks	7 (1.8%)	7 (100.0%)	0 (0.0%)
ARV prophylaxis at birth
Yes	298 (78.0%)	276 (92.6%)	22 (7.4%)
No	84 (22.0%)	46 (54.8%)	38 (45.2%)
Infant ARV regimen
None	84 (22.0%)	46 (54.8%)	38 (45.2%)
sdNVP	127 (33.2%)	114 (89.8%)	13 (10.2%)
sdNVP + AZT 4 wks	36 (9.4%)	34 (94.4%)	2 (5.6%)
AZT + sdNVP + 3TC	104 (27.2%)	98 (94.2%)	6 (5.8%)
Others	31 (8.1%)	30 (96.8%)	1 (3.2%)
Feeding practice
ERF	80 (20.9%)	78 (97.5%)	2 (2.5%)
EBF	267 (69.9%)	233 (87.3%)	34 (12.7%)
MF	35 (9.2%)	11 (31.4%)	24 (68.6%)
Growth pattern
Normal	342 (89.5%)	291 (85.1%)	51 (14.9%)
Growth failure	40 (10.5%)	31 (77.5%)	9 (22.5%)

AZT, zidovudine; sdNVP, single dose nevirapine; 3TC, lamivudine.