Research Article
Metabolic Syndrome and Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV Patients in Periurban Hospital in Ghana: A Case-Control Study
Table 4
Determinants of metabolic syndrome in all study participants.
| | MetS (OR (95% CI)) | | Unadjusted | Adjusted |
| HIV status: reference = non-HIV | ART-naïve | 1.4 (0.83–2.35) | 2.04 (1.01–4.15) | 0.048 | cART-treated | 6.54 (4–10.78) | 7.24 (3.41–15.39) | <0.001 |
| Age | 1.03 (1.02–1.05) | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.657 | Females | 2.98 (1.91–4.63) | 2.89 (1.71–4.87) | <0.001 | Unmarried | 0.71 (0.49–1.03) | 0.77 (0.47–1.26) | 0.298 | Alcohol intake | 0.68 (0.42–1.08) | 0.93 (0.53–1.62) | 0.79 | Current smoking | 1.64 (0.6–4.44) | 1.05 (0.34–3.22) | 0.931 |
| Employment (reference: unemployed) | Employed | 1.01 (0.54–1.87) | 1.12 (0.55–2.25) | 0.762 | Self-employed | 2.23 (1.17–4.26) | 1.36 (0.64–2.86) | 0.422 |
| Education: reference = no formal education | Basic/JHS | 0.79 (0.42–1.46) | 1.67 (0.8–3.51) | 0.175 | SHS/Tech | 0.24 (0.11–0.53) | 0.79 (0.3–2.08) | 0.63 | Tertiary | 0.22 (0.11–0.44) | 1.05 (0.4–2.77) | 0.927 |
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MetS, metabolic syndrome; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; JHS, junior high school; SHS, senior high school; Tech, technical/vocational education.
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