Enhanced Ciprofloxacin Removal from Aqueous Solution Using a Chemically Modified Biochar Derived from Bamboo Sawdust: Adsorption Process Optimization with Response Surface Methodology

<table class="table-group" id="tab6"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Temperature (K)</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="11.7978pt" id="M177" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.5914 22.3356 11.7978" width="22.3356pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 0V24L339 665L311 657L43 24V0H600ZM497 50H107L303 539L497 50Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.327,0)"><path d="M673 297H417L411 270C517 261 522 258 506 183L487 92C476 38 428 19 360 19C207 19 123 132 123 287C123 472 243 631 441 631C557 631 617 583 617 469L647 472C650 545 655 604 658 632C625 643 554 666 467 666C201 666 23 502 23 278C23 90 156 -16 339 -16C410 -16 501 6 569 24C566 43 567 70 573 101L589 183C604 259 607 262 667 271L673 297Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,17.219,-5.741)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z"></path></g></svg> (KJ mol<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="11.6412pt" id="M178" style="vertical-align:-0.04979992pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.5914 24.3713 11.6412" width="24.3713pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 0V24L339 665L311 657L43 24V0H600ZM497 50H107L303 539L497 50Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.327,0)"><path d="M828 650H570L564 622C646 614 650 609 634 524L604 366H253L281 524C296 608 308 615 382 622L388 650H132L126 622C211 615 214 609 198 524L121 122C106 42 102 35 23 28L17 0H276L282 28C196 35 191 40 206 122L243 324H597L559 123C544 42 537 35 452 28L446 0H710L716 28C632 35 628 43 643 122L719 524C735 610 741 615 822 622L828 650Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,19.25,-5.741)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z"></path></g></svg> (KJ mol<sup>-1</sup>)</td><td class="align_center"><svg height="11.7978pt" id="M179" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -11.5914 19.5693 11.7978" width="19.5693pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M600 0V24L339 665L311 657L43 24V0H600ZM497 50H107L303 539L497 50Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,8.327,0)"><path d="M449 634C442 637 425 643 405 650C376 660 341 666 307 666C181 666 98 590 98 485C98 400 170 343 215 310L246 288C307 243 343 204 343 147C343 67 291 18 219 18C104 18 61 124 51 202L23 199C28 124 27 71 27 47C47 22 122 -16 204 -16C324 -16 428 60 428 174C428 256 379 309 307 360L276 382C223 419 179 455 179 516C179 576 221 632 293 632C379 632 410 564 418 487L448 490C446 536 446 592 449 634Z"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,14.463,-5.741)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z"></path></g></svg> (KJ mol<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>)</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">298.15</td><td class="align_center">-13.108</td><td class="align_center" rowspan="3">9.796</td><td class="align_center" rowspan="3">0.775</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">308.15</td><td class="align_center">-14.557</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">318.15</td><td class="align_center">-14.629</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="4"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Values of thermodynamic parameters for CIP adsorption onto MBC.</div>

Adsorption Science & Technology

tab6

Table 6

Table 6: Enhanced Ciprofloxacin Removal from Aqueous Solution Using a Chemically Modified Biochar Derived from Bamboo Sawdust: Adsorption Process Optimization with Response Surface Methodology 

Table 6 | Enhanced Ciprofloxacin Removal from Aqueous Solution Using a Chemically Modified Biochar Derived from Bamboo Sawdust: Adsorption Process Optimization with Response Surface Methodology 