Studies on Synthesis and Characterization of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Ru Hybrid Magnetic Composites for Reusable Photocatalytic Application

Table 2

Comparison of photodegradation of MO using different photocatalysts.

Photocatalysts	Preparation method	Light irradiated	Lamp power (W)	Catalyst dose	Irradiation time (min)	Degradation (%)	Ref.
QD-sensitized CdS-Bi2WO6	Hydrothermal approach	Visible light	500 W Xe lamp	10 mg/L	180	97	[66]
α-Bi2O3	Sol gel	Visible light	500 W xenon source	16.4 mg/L	240	93	[67]
ZnO nanomushrooms	Combustion	UV light	—	0.25 g/100 mL	210	92	[68]
Transition metal-doped ZnO NPs	Thermal decomposition	UV light	—	0.1 g	150	91	[69]
CeO2 and Fe-doped CeO2	Precipitation combined with impregnation	Visible light	50-watt halogen lamp	0.025 mM	120	—	[70]
TiO2 NPs	Sol gel	Visible light	500 W xenon lamp	10 mg	240	67	[71]
La2NiO4/ZnO	Impregnation	Solar light	750 Wm^-2 radiometer	50 mg	60	90	[72]
TiO2/biochar	Hydrolysis	UV light	500 W	10 mg	150	96.88	[73]
Ag-AgI/Bi3O4Cl	Wet chemical	Visible light	5 W LED lamp (80 mW·cm^−2)	20 mg/L	180	60	[74]
Fe3O4@SiO2@Ru HMNCs	Multistep wet chemical process	UV light	8 W Hg lamp	10 mg	150	95	PM