Adsorption of Arsenic, Lead, Cadmium, and Chromium Ions from Aqueous Solution Using a Protonated Chabazite: Preparation, Characterization, and Removal Mechanism

Table 4

Maximum adsorption capacities for the removal of As(V), Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cr(III) using different materials.

Ion	Adsorbent	(mg/g)	Isotherm model	Reference
As(V)	Clinoptilolite and modernite natural and modified with Fe	0.062	Freundlich	Baskan & Pala [126]; Velazquez-Peña et al. [128]; Elizalde-González et al. [127]
	Chabazite modified with Fe and Zr	0.068	Freundlich	Velazquez-Peña et al. [128]
	Hydrated cement	1.92	Langmuir	Bibi et al. [129]
	Bone char	2.45	Langmuir	Alkurdi et al. [118]
	Activated carbon from oat hulls	3.09	Langmuir	Chuang et al. [134]
	Graphene oxide modified by iron-manganese binary oxide (FeMnOx/RGO)	11.5	Langmuir	Zhu et al. [135]
	Magnetite nanoparticle coated zeolite	19.39	Freundlich	Liu et al. [130]
	Carbon nanotubes coated with zirconium oxide	124.6		Liu et al. [131]
Pb(II)	Clinoptilolite	14.25-22.60	Freundlich	Kragović et al. [136] Mozgawa & Bajda [137]
	Cocoa pod husk and watermelon rind	20.10-98.06	Rendlich-Peterson	Liu et al. [138]
	Clinoptilolite natural and its NH4^+and Na^+ forms	120.2-142.8	Langmuir	Leyva-Ramos et al. [139]
	Chabazite	175	—	Kesraoui-Ouki et al. [26]
	Synthetized zeolite from lithium leach residue via hydrothermal method	487.80	Langmuir	Lv et al. [140]
	Carbon foam	491.0	Sips	Lee et al. [141]
	Synthetized zeolite from bagasse fly ash	625.0	Langmuir	Jangkorn et al. [142]
Cd(II)	Erionite and clinoptilolite	2.54–4.63	Sips	Hernández-Montoya et al. [120]
	Peanut husk and corn stalk industrial waste	7.68-12.63	Langmuir	Rozumová et al. [143]; Zheng et al. [107]
	Carbon nanotubes oxidized with HNO3	11.1	—	Li et al. [144]
	Chabazite	13.26	Freundlich	Panuccio et al. [145]
	Synthesized coal fly ash zeolite	26.25	Langmuir	Javadian et al. [146]
	Fly ash treated with NaOH	48.31	Langmuir	Buema et al. [147]
	Activated carbon derived from bagasse	49.07	Freundlich	Mohan & Singh [148]
	Grape pomace activated carbon	75.61	Langmuir	Sardella et al. [149]
Cr(III)	Fibrous activated carbons	3.52	Langmuir	Aggarwal et al. [150]
	Granulated activated carbon	13.31	Langmuir	Aggarwal et al. [150]
	MnO2-modified magnetic biochar derived from palm kernel cake	19.92	Langmuir	Maneechakr & Mongkollertlop [151]
	Natural clinoptilolite	21.20	—	Mozgawa & Bajda [137]
Cr(VI)	Multiwalled carbon nanotube	13.2	—	Kumar et al. [152]
	Magnetic zeolite/chitosan composites	25.67	Langmuir	Liu et al. [153]
	Porous Fe3O4 hollow microspheres/graphene oxide composite	32.33	Langmuir	Liu et al. [154]
	Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube with H2SO4/HNO3 solution	85.83	—	Kumar et al. [152]
	Ionic liquid impregnated exfoliated graphene oxide	285.71	Temkin	Kumar et al. [155]