Ileovesicostomy Update: Changes for the 21st Century

Table 1

Comparison of complications.

Author	Year	𝑁	Indication	Complications
Schwartz et al. [12]	1994	23	SCI, MS, CP, myelomeningocele	Early: pneumonia, bladder outlet obstruction, increased LPP
				Late: stomal stenosis, parastomal hernia, detrusor hyperreflexia
Mutchnik et al. [6]	1997	6	SCI	UTI, urethral urine leakage, urinary retention
Gudziak et al. [5]	1999	13	SCI, MS, tuberculosis meningitis	Stomal stenosis, wound infection, ileus, vesicovaginal fistula
Leng et al. [11]	1999	38	SCI, infracervical SCI, MS, other	Early: stomal stenosis, dysreflexia, wound infection, stomal prolapse/stenosis, SBO
				Late: renal and bladder calculi, retracting stoma, UTI, fascial stenosis, ileal limb kink, stricture
Tan et al. [17]	2008	50	SCI, MS, spina bifida, radical retropubic prostatectomy	Stomal complications (stenosis, ulcerations, retractions, hernia), obstruction, stomal stenosis, ileal-kinking, mucus plugging, stricture, wound infections, SBO/ileus, wound dehiscence/evisceration, intra-abdominal abscess, hernia
Zimmerman		8	SCI, fistula	UTI, wound dehiscence, blood stream infection, ileus

SCI: spinal cord injury, MS: multiple sclerosis, UTI: urinary tract infection, SBO: small bowel obstruction, CP: cerebral palsy, LPP: leak point pressure.