Overall 75% cured or improved at 12 mos Overall reduction in number of SUI episodes in all groups from mean 23/wk to 8/wk; Efficacy between all treatment groups,
PFMT alone (control; ) PFMT+ biofeedback, with at-home EMG training device ()
Randomized, controlled, open label
12 mos
EMG-evaluated pelvic floor muscle activity; need for surgical intervention after conservative treatment; patient assessment using leakage index (based on 13 types of physical exertion that may trigger SUI episodes)
Nonoperated EMG results: PFMT, PFMT+ biofeedback, Treatment failure (surgery), Only nonoperated biofeedback group achieved significant reduction in leakage index,