Endoscopic Bulking Materials for the Treatment of Vesicoureteral Reflux: A Review of Our 20 Years of Experience and Review of the Literature

Table 2

Long-term results of endoscopic treatment of VUR with Dx/HA.

Author	Follow-up time (years)	UTI rate after injection (%)	Failure rate (%)
Läckgren et al.* [16]	7	8	13
Chertin et al.** [10]	6	2.2	3.9
Chi et al. [17]	4.8	24	12
Sedberry-Ross et al. [18]	7	27	25
Lee et al. [19]	1	None	26
Schemedding et al. [20]	3	Unknown	21

*The late VCUG was performed in only 45 out of the 334 treated ureters.
**The follow-up VCUG was not performed on a routine basis following postsurgery successful VCUG.