Urine Telomerase for Diagnosis and Surveillance of Bladder Cancer

Table 1

Different methods for studying urine biomarkers.

Tests for molecular markers in urine	Tests for the analysis of exfoliated cells
Bladder tumor antigen	Automated cytology assays
Nuclear matrix protein 22	Cytokeratin 20
Nuclear matrix protein 52	Telomerase
BCLA-4 nuclear matrix protein	Microsatellite DNA
BCLA-1 nuclear matrix protein	Chromosomal abnormalities
Survivin	Carcinoembryogenic antigen
Cytokeratin 8, 18, and 19	Mucoproteins
Fibrin degradation products	Nuclear morphology abnormalities
Hyaluronic acid	DD23
Hyaluronidase	Lewis X antigen