The Role of Interferon in the Management of BCG Refractory Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Table 3

Studies of intravesical treatments used in patients with bacillus Calmette-Guerin failure.

Study	Treatment modality		Follow-up	Recurrence-free survival	Progression, %	Cystectomy rate, %	High risk disease, %
UMPC series	BCG plus IFN-α2β	44	28 months	39% and 18% at 12 months and 24 months	12	36	86
O’Donnell et al. [12]	BCG plus IFN-α2β	40	30  months	63% and 53% at 12 months and 24 months	12	55	78
Stein et al. [13]	BCG plus IFN-α2β	32	22  months	53% at median follow-up	16	22	44
Joudi et al. [11]	BCG plus IFN-α2β	1,007	24  months	45% at 24 months	—	—	70
Lam et al. [14]	IV gemcitabine	30	19  months	21% at median follow-up	3.5	37	100
Rosevear et al. [15]	IV gemcitabine	35	18  months	60% at median follow-up	8.75	—	62
Dinney et al. [16]	IV gemcitabine	80	15.5  months	19% at median follow-up	33	33	87
Cookson et al. [17]	IV docetaxel	33	29  months	32–45% at median follow-up	—	—	76
Dalbagni et al. [18]	Thermochemotherapy	111	16  months	85% and 56% at 12 months and 24 months	3	—	26
Mohanty et al. [19]	Electromotive	108	6  months	CR 53% and 58% at 3 months and 6 months	—	—	100

High risk: CIS, T1, or grade ≥3.