Review Article
Kidney Stone Disease: An Update on Current Concepts
Table 3
Gene involved in hypercalciuria, gene products, and renal phenotype [
93].
| Gene | Gene product/function | Renal phenotype |
| VDR | Vitamin D receptor | Decreased calcium reabsorption leading to hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis | CLCNS | Cl/H antiporter | Inactivating mutation causes hypercalciuria, hyperphosphaturia, low molecular weight proteinuria, nephrocalcinosis, stone | CASR | Calcium sensing receptor | Gain of function mutation produces hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, stone | CLDN16 | Tight junction protein | Hypercalciuria, magnesium wasting, nephrocalcinosis, stone | NPT2a/c | Sodium phosphate cotransporter | Hypercalciuria, hypophosphatemia, phosphate wasting, nephrocalcinosis, stone | TRPV5 | Calcium selective transient receptor potential channel | Hypercalciuria, hyperphosphaturia | sAC | Soluble adenylate cyclase/bicarbonate exchanger/ | Hypercalciuria, stones | KLOTHO | Aging suppression protein/regulator of calcium homeostasis | Hypercalciuria |
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