Research Article
Utilization of Radiographic Imaging for Infant Hydronephrosis over the First 12 Months of Life
Table 2
Association between total imaging use in infancy and initial postnatal ultrasound grade of hydronephrosis.
| | Unadjusted | Adjusted | Rate ratio (95% CI) | value | Rate ratio (95% CI) | value |
| Initial hydronephrosis grade | Mild | Ref | Ref | Moderate | 1.55 (1.44–1.68) | <0.001 | 1.57 (1.42–1.73) | <0.001 | Severe | 2.15 (1.97–2.34) | <0.001 | 2.09 (1.88–2.32) | <0.001 |
| Delivery | Premature | 0.94 (0.85–1.03) | 0.19 | 1.07 (0.96–1.19) | 0.23 | Term | Ref | Ref |
| Gender | Male | 1.02 (0.95–1.09) | 0.62 | 1.02 (0.94–1.11) | 0.63 | Female | Ref | Ref |
| Race/ethnicity | Hispanic | 0.99 (0.91–1.07) | 0.74 | 1.08 (0.96–1.20) | 0.21 | White | Ref | Ref | Others | 0.97 (0.86–1.09) | 0.58 | 1.02 (0.87–1.19) | 0.83 |
| Insurance status | Private/commercial | Ref | Ref | Medicaid | 0.96 (0.90–1.03) | 0.25 | 0.93 (0.85–1.02) | 0.15 | Public employee/military | 1.11 (0.95–1.31) | 0.19 | 1.04 (0.86–1.27) | 0.67 |
| Residence | Rural | 0.91 (0.80–1.04) | 0.18 | 0.81 (0.68–0.97) | 0.02 | Urban | Ref | Ref |
| No. of non-GU comorbidities | 0 | Ref | Ref | 1 | 1.18 (1.07–1.29) | 0.001 | 1.07 (0.96–1.19) | 0.25 | 2 | 1.03 (0.88–1.21) | 0.71 | 0.99 (0.82–1.20) | 0.93 | 3+ | 0.79 (0.69–0.91) | 0.001 | 0.86 (0.73–1.01) | 0.06 |
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