Inhibitory Activity of Illicium verum Extracts against Avian Viruses

Table 4

Absorbance means of the antiviral activity of Illicium verum extracts against Newcastle disease virus in the three adding methods.

Concentrations (mg/ml)	Preinoculation			Postinoculation			Simultaneous inoculation
	100MOH	50MOH	WA	100MOH	50MOH	WA	100MOH	50MOH	WA^1
3.9	0.311^bc	0.297^c	0.361^b	0.174^d	0.209^b	0.193^d	0.188^d	0.190^d	0.233^c
1.9	0.289^bc	0.319^bc	0.342^b	0.216^c	0.197^b	0.278^bc	0.269^c	0.227^cd	0.230^c
0.97	0.320^bc	0.301c	0.361^b	0.249^c	0.206^b	0.314^b	0.349^b	0.281^bc	0.330^b
0.48	0.322^bc	0.384^b	0.387^ab	0.318^b	0.348^a	0.323^ab	0.298^bc	0.312^b	0.359^b
0.24	0.356^b	0.320^bc	0.402^ab	0.317^b	0.352^a	0.249^c	0.196^d	0.316^b	0.363^b
Virus control	0.255^c	0.255^c	0.255^c	0.237^c	0.237^b	0.237^cd	0.242^cd	0.242^c	0.242^c
Cell control	0.454^a	0.454^a	0.454^a	0.367^a	0.367^a	0.367^a	0.445^a	0.445^a	0.445^a
value	0.0004	0.0004	0.0007	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0003
SEM	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.02

Means within a column with different subscripts are significantly different (). ¹100MOH = absolute methanol extract; 50MOH = 50% methanol extract; WA = water extract.