Viruses are the causative agent of multiple infectious diseases and are one of the leading causes of mortality in poor-resource countries. Among those, RNA viruses such us human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are two of the main challenges for the global health in the 21st century. In this context, HIV and HCV maintain a continuous race against host immune responses through multiple mechanisms of immune evasion favour by virus rapid evolution. Therefore, to understand the mechanism of virus immune evasion and its implications in disease outcome is crucial to establish the rational basis for new vaccine designs and successful treatment strategies.

We invite investigators to contribute original research articles as well as review articles that will stimulate the continuing efforts to understand mechanisms of virus immune evasion and their implications in disease outcome mainly in HIV and HCV infections, but not limited to them. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• New mechanism of virus immune evasion and innate immunity
• Recent discoveries in virus evasion and adaptative immunity
• Virus-host protein interactions and implications in immune evasion mechanism
• Immune evasion and intrinsic immunity (APOBEC and TRIM proteins)
• Role of viral immune evasion and disease prognosis
• Virus immune evasion using model systems

Before submission authors should carefully read over the journal's Author Guidelines, which are located at http://www.hindawi.com/journals/av/guidelines/. Prospective authors should submit an electronic copy of their complete manuscript through the journal Manuscript Tracking System at http://mts.hindawi.com/ according to the following timetable: