Glutaraldehyde-Polymerized Hemoglobin: In Search of Improved Performance as Oxygen Carrier in Hemorrhage Models

Table 2

Summary of histological findings for transfusion experiments in the present study. The symbols are H: hemorrhage, P: plasma, GVD: granular and vacuolar degeneration, DG: degeneration, VD/GD: vacuolar degeneration/granular degeneration, N: necrosis, S: stasis, K: Kupffer cells, I: inflammation, ED: edema, TL: tubular lesions, M: mesangial proliferation, USD: urinary space dilation, TD: tubular dilation; +/−: slight/absent changes, +: slight changes, ++: moderate changes, and +++: prominent changes.

Group	Liver	Lungs	Kidneys
C	None	None	None
H	+K	+I	+TD
Pls	VD++DG	+/−I	+/− M
Gf	+GVD	+/−I	+/−TL, +/− M
Hb(b)/PBS	VD+++DG, +N	+I	+TL, +/−M
Hb(b)/Pls	+++GVD, +N, +++K	+I	+++TL, +M, +++USD
Hb(b)/Gf	++GVD	+I	+TL, +USD
Hb(ov)/PBS	+/− K	+I	+/− TL
Hb(ov)/Pls	None	+I	None
HbBSA	+++GVD, ++N	+I	GD + DG, +TL
HbRSA	VD+++DG	+I	+TL, ++M
HbRbrPBS	GD + DG, +++N, +++K	+I	VD + DG, +++TL