Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles of Clinacanthus nutans as Antioxidant with Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects

Table 1

Inhibition zones (mm) of the biosynthesised silver nanoparticles against microorganisms using the disc diffusion method (mean ± SD, n = 3); mean values are significantly different ( < 0.05) between tested samples in each particular bacterium/fungus with different lower case superscript letters a, b, c, and d.

Samples	Inhibition zone (mm)
	Gram-positive bacteria			Gram-negative bacteria		Fungi
	SA	SE	SP	EC	PA	CA	CG
CNL	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a
CNS	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a
AgNP-L	11.350 ± 0.243^b	11.597 ± 0.311^b	10.260 ± 0.125^b	9.220 ± 0.433^b	10.073 ± 0.280^b	0.000^a	0.000^a
AgNP-S	11.517 ± 0.519^b	10.153 ± 0.232^c	10.493 ± 0.345^b	9.247 ± 0.081^b	10.000 ± 0.305^b	0.000^b	0.000^a
C-AgNP	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^b	0.000^a
dH2O	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^a	0.000^b	0.000^a
Gentamycin	21.957 ± 0.486^c	25.543 ± 0.440^d	22.967 ± 0.799^c	21.840 ± 0.155^c	17.530 ± 0.521^c	ND	ND
Nystatin	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	17.367 ± 0.136^c	21.200 ± 0.200^b

ND = not determined.