The Relationship between Birthweight and Longitudinal Changes of Blood Pressure Is Modulated by Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Genes: The Bogalusa Heart Study

Table 2

Standardized regression coefficients of race-adjusted blood pressure on birth weight, 𝛽-adrenergic receptor genotypes, and covariates.

	Systolic BP				Diastolic BP
	First	Last	AUC	Trend	First	Last	AUC	Trend
Model I
Childhood BP	—	—	—	−0.43**	—	—	—	−0.44**
Female sex	−0.05	−0.24**	−0.37**	−0.38**	0.02	−0.22**	−0.19**	−0.28**
Age	0.22**	0.19**	0.17**	−0.20**	0.28**	0.25**	0.34**	−0.02
BMI	0.16**	0.36**	0.26**	0.23**	0.06	0.34**	0.21**	0.26**
Birth weight^†	−0.004	−0.11**	−0.11**	−0.10**	0.04	−0.07*	−0.07*	−0.08*
𝛽2-AR genotype	−0.04	−0.03	−0.04	0.01	−0.05	−0.02	−0.03	−0.01
𝛽3-AR genotype	−0.04	−0.01	−0.02	0.02	−0.05	−0.01	−0.05	−0.01
Model II
Childhood BP	—	—	—	−0.40**	—	—	—	−0.42**
Female sex	−0.05	−0.25**	−0.38**	−0.39**	0.01	−0.24**	−0.20**	−0.29**
Age	0.23**	0.22**	0.19**	−0.19**	0.28**	0.28**	0.36**	−0.01
Birth weight^†	−0.004	−0.09**	−0.10**	−0.09**	0.04	−0.05	−0.06	−0.07*
𝛽2-AR genotype	−0.05	−0.05	−0.05	−0.02	−0.05	−0.04	−0.04	−0.02
𝛽3-AR genotype	−0.04	−0.01	−0.02	0.02	−0.05	−0.01	−0.05	−0.01

First: the first measurement in childhood; last: the last measurement in adulthood; BP: blood pressure;
AUC: area under the curve; BMI: body mass index.
𝛽₂-AR genotype = 𝛽₂-adrenergic receptor Arg16Gly (coding: 0, 1, and 2 of Arg alleles).
β ₃-AR genotype = 𝛽₃- adrenergic receptor Trp64Arg (coding: 0 = Arg/Arg and Trp/Arg, 1 = Trp/Trp).
† adjusted for gestational age.
* 𝑃<.05; **𝑃<.01.