Aberrant Methylation of Thrombospondin-1 and Its Association with Reduced Expression in Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma

Table 4

The level of TGF-𝛽1 in GCA patients (𝜇g/L)

Group	Level of total TGF-𝛽1	𝑃	Level of active TGF-𝛽1	𝑃
	(X ± S)		(X ± S)
Control	11.9 ± 3.1		8.8 ± 4.1
GCA patients	17.2 ± 6.0	.002^a	8.2 ± 5.0	.253^a
Stage I and II GCA patients	13.0 ± 4.8		8.0 ± 3.2
Stage III and IV GCA patients	20.8 ± 5.3	.001^b	8.3 ± 4.0	.356^b
GCA patients with methylation of TSP1	17.0 ± 4.1		7.9 ± 3.1
GCA patients without methylation of TSP1	17.3 ± 5.2	.423^c	8.6 ± 4.2	.106^c

^a𝑃 value of GCA patients versus control, ^b𝑃 value of stage III and IV patients versus I and II patients, ^c𝑃 value of GCA patients without methylation of TSP versus GCA patients with methylation of TSP1.