Research Article

Tramadol Pretreatment Enhances Ketamine-Induced Antidepressant Effects and Increases Mammalian Target of Rapamycin in Rat Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

Figure 4

The expression of p-mTOR in rat hippocampus ( 𝑛 = 3 ) . Ketamine administered at the 10 mg/kg significantly increased the expression of p-mTOR in rat hippocampus as compared with control (* 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 ), and tramadol pretreated at the dose of 5 mg/kg significantly increased the expression of p-mTOR as compared with ketamine administered alone (# 𝑃 < 0 . 0 5 ).
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