The Current State of Knowledge of Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Based on Its Study in Experimental Models

Table 4

Ischemic preconditioning as a surgical strategy to protect livers against ischemia/reperfusion. Interleukin-10, IL-10; interleukin-1β, IL-1β; nitric oxide, NO; endothelin, ET; reactive oxygen species, ROS; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, PPAR-α; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, PPAR-γ; xanthine dehydrogenase/xanthine oxidase, XDH/XOD; superoxide dismutase, SOD; reduced glutathione, GSH; tumour necrosis factor TNF; heme oxygenase-1, HO-1; heat-shock protein 72, HSP72; protein kinase C, PKC; AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK; renin-angiotensin system, RAS.

Surgical strategy-ischemic preconditioning
Liver transplantation and warm hepatic ischemia
Specie	Experimental model	Ischemic time	Effects
Rat; Rat; Mice; Mice; Mouse; Rat; Rat; Rat; Rat; Pig	Liver transplantation; Liver transplantation (steatotic liver); Warm ischemia; Warm ischemia (old mice); Warm ischemia (cirrohtic liver); Warm ischemia; Warm ischemia (old rat); Warm ischemia (steatotic liver); Warm ischemia + hepatectomy; Warm ischemia + hepatectomy	16, 24, 30 h; 4 h; 75, 120 min; 60 min; 60, 75 min; 30, 60, 90, 120 min; 45 min; 45, 60, 75 min; 30, 45, 60, 90 min; 120 min