The Potential of Cellulosic Ethanol Production from Grasses in Thailand

Table 1

Biomass composition of grasses.

Grasses	Dry matter yield (ton/ha/year)	Biomass composition (%)
		Cellulose	Hemicellulose	Lignin	Ash	Others
Forage grasses
Napier	7.7^*	32.92 ± 1.48	36.46 ± 1.19	3.60 ± 0.67	0.33 ± 0.14	26.69 ± 3.04
Dwarf napier	17.5^*	35.64 ± 0.21	34.19 ± 1.24	3.66 ± 0.20	0.13 ± 0.12	26.38 ± 1.38
King napier	7.7^*	32.01 ± 0.14	31.13 ± 0.57	3.10 ± 0.04	1.65 ± 0.04	32.11 ± 0.53
Bana	7.7^*	33.93 ± 2.27	35.12 ± 1.62	3.55 ± 0.34	0.18 ± 0.01	27.21 ± 3.71
Purple guinea	18.8	33.40 ± 0.74	31.26 ± 1.91	4.00 ± 0.54	0.61 ± 0.08	30.73 ± 2.10
Ruzi	14.1	33.64 ± 0.92	34.01 ± 0.81	4.56 ± 0.17	0.27 ± 0.12	27.52 ± 1.67
Pangola	37.5	33.07 ± 0.70	35.46 ± 1.27	4.47 ± 0.61	0.28 ± 0.01	26.72 ± 1.60
Atratum	18.8	34.87 ± 0.61	32.60 ± 0.53	5.64 ± 0.22	0.31 ± 0.14	27.75 ± 0.97
Vetiver grasses
Kamphaeng Phet 2	6.0	35.54 ± 0.38	39.02 ± 0.89	4.36 ± 0.78	0.07 ± 0.04	19.72 ± 0.61
Songkhla 3	5.8	31.85 ± 1.73	37.87 ± 1.59	4.67 ± 0.49	0.26 ± 0.16	25.67 ± 2.69
Surat Thani	5.5	33.97 ± 1.16	39.12 ± 1.57	3.67 ± 0.70	0.09 ± 0.03	22.16 ± 0.74
Sri Lanka	6.4	37.54 ± 0.45	38.33 ± 2.07	3.99 ± 0.31	0.08 ± 0.01	20.38 ± 2.81
Roi Et	3.5	34.04 ± 0.27	42.61 ± 1.17	4.83 ± 0.24	0.04 ± 0.04	19.32 ± 0.88
Loei	4.9	34.42 ± 0.99	42.43 ± 1.32	5.09 ± 0.56	0.08 ± 0.07	18.23 ± 0.98
Nakhon Sawan	4.2	32.67 ± 1.31	39.60 ± 1.25	4.96 ± 1.18	0.06 ± 0.04	22.57 ± 0.94
Prachuap Khiri Khan	8.5	35.53 ± 1.52	38.87 ± 0.09	4.65 ± 1.52	0.19 ± 0.11	20.44 ± 2.26
Ratchaburi	7.6	38.51 ± 0.25	39.21 ± 0.70	4.79 ± 0.48	0.05 ± 0.01	17.58 ± 0.87
Kamphaeng Phet 1	6.5	34.95 ± 0.58	39.67 ± 0.18	5.06 ± 0.70	0.12 ± 0.10	20.47 ± 1.39

^*The yields of napier grass, dwarf napier grass, king napier grass, and bana grass were the values of leaves only.