Glutamine and Alanyl-Glutamine Increase RhoA Expression and Reduce Clostridium difficile Toxin-A-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Cell Damage

Figure 6

Effect of TcdA of Clostridium difficile and glutamine and alanyl-glutamine on cell proliferation. (a) The IEC-6 cells were exposed to TcdA (at 0.1, 1, 10, or 100 ng/mL) and supplemented or not with Ala-Gln at 10 mM for 24 h. (b) The cells were exposed to TcdA (at 0.1, 1, 10, or 100 ng/mL) and supplemented or not with Ala-Gln at 10 mM for 48 h. The WST absorbance was measured using an ELISA microplate reader at 450 nm (reference range 420–480 nm). (c) The cells treated with TcdA for 24 h, the number of cells positive for Ki67. ^∗𝑃<0.05 compared to control. ^#𝑃<0.05 compared to TcdA by one-way ANOVA. ⁺𝑃<0.05 compared to TcdA by unpaired Student’s 𝑡-test.

(a)

(b)

(c)