|
| Authors [Reference] | qPCR detection method [Reference] | Matrices analyzed | Main results |
|
| Albinana-Gimenez et al., 2006 [36] | Pal et al., 2006 [27] | Sewage and river | 100% positive samples in sewage (5/5) and river (9/9). Mean values and GC/L, respectively |
| Bofill-Mas et al., 2006 [37] | Pal et al., 2006 [27] | Sewage, effluent, and sludge | 99% positive samples. T99 of 127.3 days |
| Albinana-Gimenez et al., 2009 [62] | Pal et al., 2006 [27] | River | 48% positive samples in river water |
| Albinana-Gimenez et al., 2009 [39] | Pal et al., 2006 [27] | River and drinking-water treatment plant (DWTP) | 48% positive samples (different steps of the DWTP ) with mean values to GC/L |
| McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Sewage, fresh to marine water, animal waste | Mean values in sewage GC/L |
| Hamza et al., 2009 [42] | Biel et al., 2000 [64] | River | Detected (as JC and BK) in 97.5% of the samples |
| Harwood et al., 2009 [65] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | River, animal feces, and seawater | No detection of HPyV in animal feces
No correlation with Enterococcus
100% host specificity |
| Ahmed et al., 2009 [66] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Sewage |
Abdelzaher et al., 2010
[67] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Seawater | The FIB levels exceeded regulatory guidelines during one event, and this was accompanied by detection of HPyVs and pathogens |
| Ahmed et al., 2010 [68] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Sewage and seawater | JC and BK are highly host-specific viruses and high titers are found in sewage |
| Bofill-Mas et al., 2010 [44] | Pal et al., 2006 [27] | River and sewage | Sewage ranges from to GC/L (7/7)
River ranges from to GC/L (7/7) |
| Fumian et al., 2010 [69] | Pal et al., 2006 [27] | Sewage and effluent | JCPyV detected in 96% and 43% of raw and treated sewage, respectively |
| Haramoto et al., 2010 [45] | Pal et al., 2006 [27] | River | JCPyV prevalence 11.1%, BKPyV not detected |
|
Jurzik et al., 2010 [46] | Biel et al., 2000 [64], and modified by Hamza et al., 2009 [42] | River | 68.8% were positive for HPyV |
| Gibson et al., 2011 [70] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | River and drinking water | HPyV were detected in one groundwater, three-surface water, and one drinking-water sample. No correlation with FIB |
| Hamza et al., 2011 [54] | Biel et al., 2000 [64] | River and sewage | River GC/L, sewage GC/L |
| Hellein et al., 2011 [71] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Seawater, sewage, and animal feces | Presence of HPyV in all sewage samples and in one freshwater sample |
|
Kokkinos et al., 2011 [55] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Sewage | 68.8% positive values (33/48) for JC and BK |
| Wong and Xagoraraki, 2011 [72] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Manure sewage and sludge | HPyV concentrations were slightly lower than Escherichia coli and Enterococcus () |
| Chase et al., 2012 [73] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Recreational waters | HPyV detection near septic systems |
| Fongaro et al., 2012 [60] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Lagoon | 21% positive samples |
| Gordon et al., 2013 [74] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Estuarine to marine waters and sewage spills | HPyV demonstrated the ability to detect domestic sewage contamination in water |
Rodriguez-Manzano
et al., 2012 [13] | Hernroth et al., 2002 [26] | Raw sewage, secondary and tertiary effluent | JCPyV in raw sewage (6/6) with an average concentration of GC/L. Not detected in the tertiary effluent. |
| McQuaig et al., 2012 [75] | McQuaig et al., 2009 [63] | Seawater | Mean values to GC/L |
| Staley et al., 2012 [76] | Staley et al., 2012 [76] | Sewage, river | 100% and 64% positive samples of sewage and river samples, respectively |
|
