Table of Contents Author Guidelines Submit a Manuscript
Table of Contents Alerts

To receive news and publication updates for BioMed Research International, enter your email address in the box below.

BioMed Research International
Volume 2013, Article ID 215798, 9 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/215798
Research Article

Protective Effects of p38 MAPK Inhibitor SB202190 against Hippocampal Apoptosis and Spatial Learning and Memory Deficits in a Rat Model of Vascular Dementia

Shen Yang,1,2 Guangan Zhou,2 Hong Liu,3 Bo Zhang,2 Juan Li,2 Ruiting Cui,2 and Yifeng Du1

1Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
2Department of Neurology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China
3Department of Neurology, Liaocheng Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China

Received 15 October 2013; Revised 28 November 2013; Accepted 2 December 2013

Academic Editor: Peng Zhang

Copyright © 2013 Shen Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Linked References

  1. L. Battistin and A. Cagnin, “Vascular cognitive disorder. A biological and clinical overview,” Neurochemical Research, vol. 35, no. 12, pp. 1933–1938, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  2. J. A. Catindig, N. Venketasubramanian, M. K. Ikram, and C. Chen, “Epidemiology of dementia in Asia: insights on prevalence, trends and novel risk factors,” Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol. 321, no. 1-2, pp. 11–16, 2012. View at Google Scholar
  3. N. Venketasubramanian, S. Sahadevan, E. H. Kua, C. P. L. Chen, and T.-P. Ng, “Interethnic differences in dementia epidemiology: global and Asia-Pacific perspectives,” Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 492–498, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  4. M. Brundel, J. De Bresser, J. J. Van Dillen, L. J. Kappelle, and G. J. Biessels, “Cerebral microinfarcts: a systematic review of neuropathological studies,” Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 425–436, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  5. F. Rincon and C. B. Wright, “Vascular cognitive impairment,” Current Opinion in Neurology, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 29–36, 2013. View at Google Scholar
  6. G. Buzsaki and E. I. Moser, “Memory, navigation and theta rhythm in the hippocampal-entorhinal system,” Nature Neuroscience, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 130–138, 2013. View at Google Scholar
  7. M. A. Philbert, M. L. Billingsley, and K. R. Reuhl, “Mechanisms of injury in the central nervous system,” Toxicologic Pathology, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 43–53, 2000. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  8. M. Fang, J. Li, S. C. Tiu, L. Zhang, M. Wang, and D. T. Yew, “N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease and multiinfarct dementia,” Journal of Neuroscience Research, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 269–274, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  9. J. M. Niswander and L. A. Dokas, “Hyperosmotic stress-induced caspase-3 activation is mediated by p38 MAPK in the hippocampus,” Brain Research, vol. 1186, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  10. X. D. Wu, Z. Y. Zhang, S. Sun et al., “Hypoxic preconditioning protects microvascular endothelial cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress,” Apoptosis, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 85–98, 2013. View at Google Scholar
  11. E. A. Irving, F. C. Barone, A. D. Reith, S. J. Hadingham, and A. A. Parsons, “Differential activation of MAPK/ERK and p38/SAPK in neurones and glia following focal cerebral ischaemia in the rat,” Molecular Brain Research, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 65–75, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  12. J. J. Legos, J. A. Erhardt, R. F. White et al., “SB 239063, a novel p38 inhibitor, attenuates early neuronal injury following ischemia,” Brain Research, vol. 892, no. 1, pp. 70–77, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  13. X. L. Wang, P. Y. Lv, and Z. C. Guo, “The study of expression of p38 MAPK mRNA in neuron of hippocampus in mice with vascular dementia,” Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases, vol. 2, p. 014, 2008. View at Google Scholar
  14. T. Sasaki, K. Kitagawa, Y. Yagita et al., “Bcl2 enhances survival of newborn neurons in the normal and ischemic hippocampus,” Journal of Neuroscience Research, vol. 84, no. 6, pp. 1187–1196, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  15. G. Ashabi, S. Z. Alamdary, M. Ramin, and F. Khodagholi, “Reduction of hippocampal apoptosis by intracerebroventricular administration of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase and/or p38 inhibitors in amyloid beta rat model of Alzheimer's disease: involvement of nuclear-related factor-2 and nuclear factor-κB,” Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, vol. 112, no. 3, pp. 145–155, 2013. View at Google Scholar
  16. A. Sunkaria, D. Verma, and K. Gill, “Quercetin attenuates aluminum-induced apoptosis in rat hippocampus, by preventing cytochrome c translocation, Bcl-2 decrease, bax elevation, caspase-3 and p53 activation,” Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 53, pp. S44–S45, 2012. View at Google Scholar
  17. M. Chen, H.-Y. Sun, S.-J. Li, M. Das, J.-M. Kong, and T.-M. Gao, “Nitric oxide as an upstream signal of p38 mediates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced neuronal death,” NeuroSignals, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 162–168, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  18. R. D'Hooge and P. P. De Deyn, “Applications of the Morris water maze in the study of learning and memory,” Brain Research Reviews, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 60–90, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  19. K. Kyrylkova, S. Kyryachenko, M. Leid, and C. Kioussi, “Detection of apoptosis by TUNEL assay,” Methods Molecular Biology, vol. 887, pp. 41–47, 2012. View at Google Scholar
  20. M. Barbierato, C. Argentini, and S. D. Skaper, “Indirect immunofluorescence staining of cultured neural cells,” Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 846, pp. 235–246, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  21. L. H. S. Sekhon, M. K. Morgan, I. Spence, and N. C. Weber, “Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion: pathological and behavioral consequences,” Neurosurgery, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 548–556, 1997. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  22. S. Duarte, X. D. Shen, C. Fondevila, R. W. Busuttil, and A. J. Coito, “Fibronectin-alpha4beta1 interactions in hepatic cold ischemia and reperfusion injury: regulation of MMP-9 and MT1-MMP via the p38 MAPK pathway,” American Journal of Transplantation, vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 2689–2699, 2012. View at Google Scholar
  23. T. M. Woodruff, J. Thundyil, S.-C. Tang, C. G. Sobey, S. M. Taylor, and T. V. Arumugam, “Pathophysiology, treatment, and animal and cellular models of human ischemic stroke,” Molecular Neurodegeneration, vol. 6, no. 1, article 11, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  24. S. Y. Xu and S. Y. Pan, “The failure of animal models of neuroprotection in acute ischemic stroke to translate to clinical efficacy,” Medical Science Monitor Basic Research, vol. 19, pp. 37–45, 2013. View at Google Scholar
  25. M. Shibata, R. Ohtani, M. Ihara, and H. Tomimoto, “White matter lesions and glial activation in a novel mouse model of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,” Stroke, vol. 35, no. 11, pp. 2598–2603, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  26. P. R. Krafft, E. L. Bailey, T. Lekic et al., “Etiology of stroke and choice of models,” International Journal of Stroke, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 398–406, 2012. View at Google Scholar
  27. J. B. Casals, N. C. G. Pieri, M. L. T. Feitosa et al., “The use of animal models for stroke research: a review,” Comparative Medicine, vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 305–313, 2011. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  28. N. A. Oberheim, T. Takano, X. Han et al., “Uniquely hominid features of adult human astrocytes,” Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 3276–3287, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  29. G. Barreto, R. E. White, Y. Ouyang, L. Xu, and R. G. Giffard, “Astrocytes: targets for neuroprotection in stroke,” Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 164–173, 2011. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  30. M. Walberer, E. Stolz, C. Müller et al., “Experimental stroke: ischaemic lesion volume and oedema formation differ among rat strains (a comparison between Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats using MRI),” Laboratory Animals, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  31. F. C. Barone, E. A. Irving, A. M. Ray et al., “Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase provides neuroprotection in cerebral focal ischemia,” Medicinal Research Reviews, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 129–145, 2001. View at Google Scholar
  32. K. Takeda and H. Ichiijo, “Neuronal p38 MAPK signalling: an emerging regulator of cell fate and function in the nervous system,” Genes to Cells, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 1099–1111, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  33. S. Yasuda, H. Sugiura, H. Tanaka, S. Takigami, and K. Yamagata, “p38 MAP kinase inhibitors as potential therapeutic drugs for neural diseases,” Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 45–59, 2011. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  34. F. Fernandez, I. Soon, Z. Li et al., “Wip1 phosphatase positively modulates dendritic spine morphology and memory processes through the p38MAPK signaling pathway,” Cell Migration Assays, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 333–343, 2012. View at Google Scholar
  35. Y. N. Zhao, J. M. Li, C. W. An, X. Y. Zhang, S. X. Li, and C. X. Cheng, “Effect of Buyanghuanwu recipe on p38MAPK/neuronal apoptosis signal pathway and learning-memory function after forebrain ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils,” Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica, vol. 2, p. 003, 2010. View at Google Scholar
  36. F. Hua, M. G. Cornejo, M. H. Cardone, C. L. Stokes, and D. A. Lauffenburger, “Effects of Bcl-2 levels on Fas signaling-induced caspase-3 activation: molecular genetic tests of computational model predictions,” The Journal of Immunology, vol. 175, no. 2, pp. 985–995, 2005. View at Google Scholar
  37. R. Hata, F. Gillardon, T. M. Michaelidis, and K.-A. Hossmann, “Targeted disruption of the bcl-2 gene in mice exacerbates focal ischemic brain injury,” Metabolic Brain Disease, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 117–124, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  38. Y. Yang, S.-M. Zhang, S.-Y. Fan et al., “Effects of activation of caspase-3 in cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury,” Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, vol. 84, no. 12, pp. 1035–1037, 2004. View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  39. B. Liu, W. J. Mao, A. C. Li et al., “Effect of shenxiong huayu capsule on expression of p38MAPK in CA1 area of hippocampus in vascular dementia rats,” Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae, vol. 8, pp. 161–165, 2010. View at Google Scholar