Characterization of the Phytochemical Constituents of Taif Rose and Its Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities

Table 5

Quantity of compounds detected in 80% methanol extract, 𝑛-butanol, and aqueous fractions of fresh and dry Taif rose.

Peak number	Compound	Fresh rose (mg/g extract)			Dry rose (mg/g extract)
		80% MeOH	𝑛-BuOH	Aqueous	80% MeOH	𝑛-BuOH	Aqueous
1	Quinic acid^a	1546329	351441	1749393	2076361	731132	26452471
2	Gallic acid	3.22	6.31	—	2.84	5.39	—
3	Digalloyl hexose^1	0.09	0.31	—	0.04	0.16	—
4	Methyl gallic acid derivative^2	3.57	7.6	—	2.1	5.3	—
5	Digalloyl HHDP hexose^1	1.03	2.84	—	1.17	2.80	—
6	Digalloyl deoxyhexose^1	0.09	0.22	—	0.11	0.19	—
7	Digalloyl HHDP hexose^1	2.18	5.35	—	2.60	5.32	—
8	Unknown ellagitannin^1	1.57	4.06	—	1.12	2.66	—
9	Unknown ellagitannin^1	2.52	6.30	—	1.72	3.85	—
10	Unknown ellagitannin^1	0.22	0.80	—	0.49	0.40	—
11	Unknown ellagitannin^1	0.75	1.56	—	0.87	1.44	—
12	Quercetin-3-glucose-6-gallic acid	1.33	1.38	—	0.64	1.43	—
13	Unknown ellagitannin^1	2.06	4.07	—	1.61	3.50	—
14a	Rutin	0.10	0.17	—	0.10	0.24	—
14b	Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside	1.90	3.93	—	2.28	4.72	—
15	Quercetin-glucose-protocatechuic acid^1	1.46	3.62	—	1.93	3.64	—
16	Quercetin-pentoside^3	0.21	0.65	—	0.29	0.78	—
17	Kaempferol-hexose-gallic acid^1	1.27	4.77	—	1.70	3.33	—
18	Quercetin/Kaempferol derivatives^4	2.81	5.88	—	3.43	6.66	—
19	Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside	7.50	16.21	—	9.15	17.60	—
20	Kaempferol-hexose-gallic acid^1	0.14	0.31	—	0.22	0.43	—
21	Kaempferol-pentoside^5	0.53	1.30	—	0.87	1.50	—
22	Kaempferol-pentoside glucuronic acid^4	1.95	5.21	—	2.65	5.71	—
23	Kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside	0.54	1.31	—	0.88	1.50	—
24	Quercetin acetyl disaccharides^4	0.23	0.50	—	0.21	0.58	—
25	Quercetin disaccharides^4	0.26	0.65	—	0.19	0.66	—
26	Kaempferol acetyl disaccharides^4	1.27	3.28	—	1.50	3.44	—
27	Kaempferol hexoside-deoxyhexose^4	1.46	3.94	—	1.59	3.74	—
28	Unknown non-phenolic compound^a	2776578	6225284	—	541747	7069559

Quantified as ¹quercetin-3-glucose-6-gallic acid; ²gallic acid; ³quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucoside; ⁴rutin, and ⁵kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside (including molecular weight correction factor).
^aDue to lake of similar or related standard compounds, the quantity is represented by area under curve.